澳大利亚联邦政府在2022年签署了全球承诺，誓言保护和恢复自然[1]。然而，在全球范围内，各国普遍承诺恢复30%的退化生态系统[1]，澳大利亚却只承诺在2030年前对"优先退化区域"进行"有效恢复"，未明确定义具体术语或纳入全球30%的目标[1]。
澳大利亚面临严峻的生态修复挑战。全国共有4.18亿公顷土地因退化而被列为"退化"状态[1]。若澳大利亚按全球30%目标，需要恢复其中的1.25亿公顷[1]。这样的大规模生态恢复需要巨大的财政投入，估算在30年间平均每年需投入超过70亿澳元[1]。值得注意的是，这笔年度修复成本仅相当于联邦政府每年用于补贴伤害自然活动支出的三分之一[1]。
Australia's federal government signed a global commitment in 2022 to protect and restore nature, pledging to effectively restore degraded areas by 2030.[1] However, the country's specific commitment remains vaguely worded and does not include the global target of restoring 30% of degraded ecosystems.[1]
Australia faces significant restoration demands if it were to align with the international 30% target.[1] The nation contains approximately 418 million hectares of degraded land, meaning the country would need to restore 125 million hectares to meet the global benchmark.[1] The financial commitment required would be substantial, with restoration costs estimated at over 7 billion Australian dollars annually over a 30-year period.[1] This expenditure would represent less than one-third of the federal government's annual spending on subsidies for activities that damage natural environments.[1]
