中欧和东欧地区近日经历创纪录的高温天气，多个国家的最高气温纪录被打破。斯洛伐克多尔内普拉赫蒂采地区录得42°C的新高温[1]，奥地利周三气温达到41.2°C[1]。极端高温引发连锁反应，导致野火频发、河流水位急剧下降，对基础设施和电力供应造成严重威胁。
野火和干旱对该地区造成了广泛破坏。欧盟年初至今林火烧毁面积约50万公顷，主要集中在西班牙和法国，乌克兰另有29.2万公顷林地被烧毁[1]。捷克的火灾天气指数较历史纪录高50%以上，斯洛伐克高32%[1]。水位下降迫使多国采取应急措施，波兰被迫关闭科济尼采和波兰涅茨两座燃煤电厂，移除约1.3GW电力容量[1]。匈牙利核电站的产量降至约正常生产的10%[2]，多瑙河中1944年9月纳粹德国沉没的约200艘黑海舰队军舰因水位下降而浮出水面[2]。
极端高温对人口健康的影响亦不容忽视。德国今夏热相关死亡人数估计达11900人[1]，布达佩斯周三夜间创纪录最高气温，仅降至28度[2]。波兰总理唐纳德·图斯克敦促雇主为员工提供空调和冷水[1]。气候研究表明，全球变暖加剧了这些极端天气的频率和强度。世界天气归因联盟的分析显示全球变暖使西班牙去月极端天气至少增加20倍可能性，法国增加2倍[1]。匈牙利总理佩特·马吉亚尔表示多瑙河水位较周日低点上升9厘米，帕克斯核电站一台涡轮机已重新运作[1]。
Central and Eastern European nations are experiencing an unprecedented heat wave that has shattered temperature records and triggered widespread environmental crises. Slovakia's Dolné Plachty region recorded a new national high of 42°C (108°F), while Austria reached 41.2°C on Wednesday [1]. The extreme conditions have intensified wildfires across the continent, with the European Union reporting approximately 500,000 hectares burned since the start of the year, primarily in Spain and France, while Ukraine has suffered an additional 292,000 hectares of destruction [1]. Germany has recorded an estimated 11,900 heat-related deaths this summer, according to the Robert Koch Institute [1].
The severe drought has created cascading infrastructure challenges. Poland has been forced to shut down two coal-fired power plants—the Kozienice and Polaniec facilities—due to declining water levels, removing approximately 1.3 gigawatts of electrical capacity [1]. Hungary's nuclear power station has seen production plummet to roughly 10% of normal output [2]. Fire weather severity indices have climbed dramatically across the region, with the Czech Republic exceeding historical records by over 50% and Slovakia by 32% [1]. The World Weather Attribution initiative has attributed the intensification of such extreme weather to global warming, estimating that climate change has increased the likelihood of Spain's extreme conditions last month by at least 20-fold and France's by two-fold [1]. In response to the crisis, Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk has urged employers to provide air conditioning and cold water for their staff [1].