药物可以通过汗液和皮肤油脂从人体排出[1]。这一现象早在1970年代就已被科学证实[1]。2023年西英格兰大学的研究检测了志愿者的汗液样本，发现咖啡因、尼古丁、氯胺酮和可卡因等物质均有检出[1]。此外，化疗药物环磷酰胺也在多项研究中被发现存在于癌症患者的汗液中[1]。
药物能否进入汗液取决于其水溶性或脂溶性特性、分子大小、酸碱度和排汗时间等多个因素[1]。尽管存在这些排出途径，药物在汗液中的浓度极低，通常仅为纳摩尔级别（0.000000001克），因此接触者所受到的健康影响可以忽略不计[1]。
虽然多家家具公司和皮革修复商声称某些药物会渗透并损伤皮革沙发[1]，但这种潜在损害尚未被正式研究证实[1]。
Medications exit the human body through sweat and skin oils, a phenomenon documented since the 1970s [1]. A 2023 study from the University of the West of England detected caffeine, nicotine, ketamine, and cocaine in sweat samples collected from volunteers [1]. Chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide has similarly been found in the perspiration of cancer patients across multiple studies [1]. Despite anecdotal claims from furniture companies and leather repair specialists that certain drugs can penetrate and harm leather sofas, no formally published research has substantiated this alleged damage [1].
The concentration of medications in sweat remains extremely low, typically at the nanomolar level—equivalent to 0.000000001 grams—making any health risk to people coming into contact with contaminated surfaces negligible [1]. Whether a drug appears in sweat depends on several factors, including its water or fat solubility, molecular size, pH level, and the timing of perspiration [1]. The absence of formal scientific investigation into potential leather damage means current claims rest primarily on scattered reports from retailers and repair professionals rather than rigorous evidence [1].
