美国在2025年5月至8月期间发放给中国公民的F-1学生签证出现明显下降。根据美国智库报告，这一时期美国核发的中国学生签证较2024年同期减少34%，相比2017年至2024年（剔除2020年）同期平均水平下降更多达46%。[1]
美国智库认为，减少中国留学生入境有助于降低技术外流风险、维护国家安全，并建议美国限制或禁止中国学生入境或就读敏感领域。[1]智库的分析指出，中国领导人将海外中国留学生及学者视为推动科技创新与军事发展的重要力量。[1]美国官员也曾表达过类似担忧，时任国务院副助理国务卿拉莫托斯基在2018年表示，外国学生往往被吸收后为自己的政府工作。[1]
美国全年核发给中国公民的F-1学生签证中有76%集中在5至8月这个时间段。[1]对于美方的举措，中国官媒环球时报批评此举是将正常留学活动政治化、武器化。[1]
The United States issued 34% fewer F-1 student visas to Chinese nationals between May and August 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, according to a report from an American think tank.[1] The year-over-year decline represents a 46% decrease when measured against the average for the corresponding months between 2017 and 2024, excluding 2020.[1] Since approximately 76% of all F-1 student visas issued annually to Chinese citizens are concentrated in the May through August period, the reduction carries significant implications for Chinese students seeking to study in the United States.[1]
The think tank attributed the visa reduction to security concerns, arguing that limiting Chinese student enrollment helps mitigate risks of technology transfer and strengthens national security.[1] The report noted that Chinese leader Xi Jinping views overseas Chinese students and scholars as important contributors to technological innovation and military development.[1] A former U.S. State Department official previously stated that foreign students are often recruited to work for their home governments, underscoring longstanding concerns in American policy circles.[1] The think tank recommended restricting or prohibiting Chinese students from entering the country or studying in sensitive fields.[1]
China's state media criticized the measure as political manipulation, characterizing it as weaponizing normal educational exchange and discriminating against Chinese students.[1]