作为入侵物种，欧洲绿蟹正严重破坏新英格兰地区的渔业与生态系统，为控制其数量，当地渔民、科学家及厨师正携手开发软壳绿蟹的餐饮市场 1。受气候变化导致的海水变暖影响，绿蟹得以在新英格兰的冬季存活并大量繁衍，雌性绿蟹每年可产卵1至2次，单次产卵量最高可达18.5万枚 1。其过度繁殖给当地贝类产业造成每年数千万美元的损失，新英格兰软壳蛤捕捞量从1978年的780万磅肉降至2025年的130万磅 1。
在餐饮端，自2021年以来，提供绿蟹的餐厅数量增长超过10倍，目前软壳绿蟹的市场价为每只3美元，硬壳绿蟹仅为8美分 1。在政策扶持与清除行动方面，马萨诸塞州为渔民提供每磅40美分的额外补贴，每年最高10万美元 1。华盛顿州于2022年宣布进入紧急状态，预计至2027财年投入超过3800万美元用于清除绿蟹，今年已捕获近200万只绿蟹，转化为13.5万磅有机肥料 1。在商业探索上，Mike Masi的shell+claw公司年收入最高约2万美元 1。不过，尽管部分地区已出台激励措施，大规模商业化捕捞仍面临基础设施和政府支持不足的障碍 1。
As an invasive species, European green crabs are wreaking havoc on fisheries and ecosystems in New England 1. Driven by climate change, warming waters have allowed these crabs to survive New England winters and reproduce in massive numbers 1. This population surge has inflicted tens of millions of dollars in annual losses on the local shellfish industry 1. The devastating impact is evident in the soft-shell clam harvest, which plummeted from 7.8 million pounds of meat in 1978 to 1.3 million pounds in 2025 1.
To combat this ecological threat, local fishermen, scientists, chefs, and oyster farmers are attempting to control the population by developing a culinary market for soft-shell green crabs 1. The economic incentive varies significantly depending on the crab's stage, with soft-shell green crabs fetching $3 each on the market, compared to just 8 cents for hard-shell ones 1. The culinary push has been highly visible, as the number of restaurants serving green crabs has increased more than tenfold since 2021 1. Individual enterprises are also emerging, such as Mike Masi's company shell+claw, which generates up to approximately $20,000 in annual revenue 1. To further encourage harvesting, Massachusetts is providing fishermen with an extra subsidy of 40 cents per pound, capped at $100,000 annually 1.
The reproductive capacity of the invasive species makes these control efforts critical, as a single female green crab can spawn one to two times a year, laying up to 185,000 eggs per batch 1. Beyond New England, the invasion has prompted aggressive state-level interventions elsewhere, such as in Washington state, which declared a state of emergency in 2022 1. Washington plans to invest over $38 million through the 2027 fiscal year to eradicate the crabs 1. This year alone, the state has captured nearly 2 million green crabs, which are being converted into 135,000 pounds of organic fertilizer 1. Despite these efforts and various incentive programs, large-scale commercial harvesting still faces obstacles due to insufficient infrastructure and government support 1.
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