印度阿萨姆邦茶产业面临气候驱动的劳动力危机

2026年8月26日，印度阿萨姆邦茶产业正面临由气候变化引发的劳动力危机1。阿萨姆邦生产印度约52%的茶叶，支撑约70万名种植园工人和14万名小茶农1。极端高温、降雨异常、新病虫害及洪水导致茶叶减产，同时生产成本上升、茶价低迷，使得工人流失严重，行业陷入恶性循环1。

阿萨姆邦主要茶叶种植区气温经常达到36°C至40°C，近期洪水导致超过50个茶园受损1。研究显示，气温每升高1°C，印度每公顷茶叶产量可能减少约87公斤1。劳动力成本现占茶叶生产总成本的约60%1。种植园工人日薪约为250至280印度卢比（2.30至2.60欧元或2.63至2.94美元），工会要求提高至350至500卢比1。部分茶叶种植区的工人缺勤率已超过50%1。

As of August 26, 2026, the tea industry in India's Assam region is facing a climate-driven labor crisis 1. Extreme heat, erratic rainfall, new pests and diseases, and flooding have led to a decline in tea production, while rising production costs and low tea prices have caused severe worker attrition, trapping the industry in a vicious cycle 1. Assam produces approximately 52 percent of India's tea, supporting around 700,000 plantation workers and 140,000 small tea growers 1. Recent floods have damaged more than 50 tea estates 1. In the main tea-growing areas of Assam, temperatures frequently reach between 36°C and 40°C 1. Research indicates that for every 1°C increase in temperature, India's tea yield per hectare could decrease by approximately 87 kilograms 1.

In some tea-growing areas, worker absenteeism rates have exceeded 50 percent 1. Labor costs now account for about 60 percent of the total cost of tea production 1. Plantation workers earn a daily wage of approximately 250 to 280 Indian rupees (2.30 to 2.60 euros or 2.63 to 2.94 US dollars), and labor unions are demanding an increase to 350 to 500 rupees 1.