美加贸易战升级：加拿大实施报复性关税，美国卫生纸等商品面临涨价

上周末，美国与加拿大的贸易谈判宣告破裂1。加拿大总理马克·卡尼随即宣布终止谈判，并对近900种、价值约200亿美元的美国商品征收25%至50%的报复性关税123。这些新关税将于9月8日，即两周后生效12。此举旨在回应特朗普政府对加拿大商品征收50%关税的举措3。目前，美加双边年贸易额已超过8720亿美元（6400亿英镑）2。

在此次关税战中，纸制品成为受冲击最严重的行业之一，北美消费者正面临卫生纸等产品价格飙升的压力1。此外，加拿大的报复性关税还广泛涵盖钢铁、乳制品、家电和农业设备等领域3。与此同时，美国对加拿大汽车及零部件征收的50%关税也将于2027年初生效2。这一系列贸易摩擦预计将在美国中期选举前推高美国企业和消费者的成本3。

面对贸易冲突，加拿大总理马克·卡尼指责华盛顿试图使加拿大从属3，并表示：“当游戏规则发生根本性改变时，我们不能依赖传统联盟。”2 加拿大财政部长弗朗索瓦-菲利普·尚帕涅称这是“对加拿大施加的前所未有的挑战”3。在美方，万斯在私人筹款活动的录音中称马克·卡尼“非常可爱”，并嘲笑其试图比特朗普更强硬的做法“滑稽”2。加拿大安大略省省长道格·福特则在回应特朗普时让他“亲吻我的屁股”2。

Following the collapse of bilateral trade negotiations over the weekend, Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has announced retaliatory tariffs on nearly 900 U.S. products, valued at approximately $20 billion 13. The new duties, ranging from 25% to 50%, will take effect on September 8, escalating the trade war after the Trump administration imposed a 50% tariff on Canadian goods 13. Paper products are among the hardest-hit sectors, leading to soaring prices for toilet paper and other items for North American consumers 1. The retaliatory measures also cover steel, dairy, home appliances, and agricultural equipment, which could drive up costs for U.S. businesses and consumers ahead of the midterm elections 3.

The dispute threatens a massive economic relationship, with bilateral annual trade between the U.S. and Canada exceeding $872 billion (£640 billion) 2. In response to the U.S. tariffs, which include a 50% levy on Canadian auto parts set for early 2027, Carney accused Washington of attempting to subordinate Canada 23. "When the rules of the game have fundamentally changed, we cannot rely on traditional alliances," Carney stated, while Canadian Finance Minister François-Philippe Champagne described the situation as "an unprecedented challenge imposed on Canada" 23. Tensions have also sparked fiery political rhetoric, with Ontario Premier Doug Ford telling Trump to "kiss my ass," and JD Vance mocking Carney's tough stance as "ridiculous" in a private fundraising recording, calling the Canadian leader "very cute" 2. Despite the severe escalation, reports indicate there is still a buffer of several months before negotiations could potentially resume 2.