Cochrane协作网发布了一项更新的戒烟工具有效性综述，指出含尼古丁的电子烟在辅助戒烟方面比尼古丁替代疗法（如贴片和口香糖）以及咨询支持更为有效1。该综述汇总了80项随机对照试验的数据，共涵盖29,861名参与者1。结果显示，每100名使用含尼古丁电子烟的参与者中有8至10人成功戒烟，而使用尼古丁替代疗法的仅有6人1。此外，含尼古丁电子烟比非尼古丁电子烟每100人多约2人戒烟，比行为支持每100人多5人戒烟（行为支持组为5/100）1。在安全性方面，研究未发现含尼古丁电子烟比尼古丁替代疗法引发更多严重不良事件，但指出相关研究存在随访时间较短以及使用旧款设备等局限性1。
在澳大利亚，自2024年10月起，药剂师可在无处方的情况下分发特定尼古丁含量的电子烟1。2025年家庭调查显示，93%在过去一年使用含尼古丁电子烟的澳大利亚人仍通过非法渠道购买1。澳大利亚每日电子烟使用率为3.6%，低于每日吸烟率5.6%1。相比之下，新西兰每日电子烟使用率约12%，高于吸烟率约7%1。
An updated Cochrane review, encompassing 80 randomized controlled trials with 29,861 participants, has concluded that nicotine-containing e-cigarettes are more effective for smoking cessation than nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) and counseling support 1. The data reveals that out of every 100 individuals using nicotine-containing e-cigarettes, 8 to 10 successfully quit smoking, compared to only 6 out of 100 using NRT such as patches or gums 1. Furthermore, nicotine-containing e-cigarettes resulted in approximately 2 more successful quitters per 100 people than non-nicotine e-cigarettes, and 5 more per 100 people than counseling support alone, which had a success rate of 5 per 100 1. The review also noted that nicotine-containing e-cigarettes did not lead to more serious adverse events than NRT, although the studies were limited by short follow-up periods and the use of older device models 1.
In the context of regional usage and policy, Australia has seen regulatory shifts, with pharmacists permitted to dispense specific nicotine-content e-cigarettes without a prescription starting in October 2024 1. Despite this policy change, a 2025 household survey indicated that 93% of Australians who used nicotine-containing e-cigarettes in the past year still purchased them through illegal channels 1. Currently, the daily e-cigarette use rate in Australia stands at 3.6%, which remains lower than the daily smoking rate of 5.6% 1. In contrast, New Zealand reports a higher daily e-cigarette use rate of approximately 12%, surpassing its smoking rate of about 7% 1.
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