特朗普对伊朗实施新经济制裁面临中国挑战

美国财政部长贝森特宣布对伊朗实施“经济打击”行动，制裁近60个与伊朗相关的实体，指控其参与伊朗核计划、导弹计划、网络活动和石油运输1。此次制裁名单涵盖了部分位于中国大陆和香港的实体及个人，包括一艘中国拥有的原油油轮和一家香港企业1。

不过，该制裁行动面临中国这一主要挑战，因为中国是伊朗最大贸易伙伴和主要石油买家，接收了超过80%的伊朗石油出口1。由于特朗普计划下月接待习近平访美以维持脆弱的贸易休战，美国在制裁细节上避免针对中国，以免破坏峰会氛围1。习近平访美可能为特朗普11月出席亚太经合组织领导人峰会访华铺路1。中国外交部发言人林剑回应称，中伊合作符合国际法，“不应被干扰或破坏”1。林剑重申中国反对“非法单边制裁”，并表示将采取必要措施维护自身权益1。

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has announced "Operation Economic Outcast," imposing economic sanctions on nearly 60 Iran-related entities accused of involvement in the country's nuclear and missile programs, cyber activities, and oil transportation 1. The sanctions include actions against certain entities and individuals located in mainland China and Hong Kong, specifically targeting a Chinese-owned crude oil tanker and a Hong Kong-based company 1. However, the United States has avoided targeting China in the broader details of the sanctions to prevent disrupting the atmosphere ahead of President Donald Trump's planned meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping in the U.S. next month to maintain a fragile trade truce 1. This upcoming visit by Xi to the U.S. could pave the way for Trump to attend the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders' Summit in China in November 1.

China, as Iran's largest trading partner and primary oil buyer, receives more than 80% of Iran's oil exports, making it a significant challenge to the U.S. economic squeeze 1. In response to the sanctions, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian asserted that cooperation between China and Iran complies with international law and "should not be interfered with or disrupted" 1. Lin reiterated China's opposition to "illegal unilateral sanctions" and stated that Beijing will take necessary measures to safeguard its rights and interests 1.