英国试验新型非侵入性子宫内膜异位症诊断方法

英国目前正针对两种新型非侵入性子宫内膜异位症诊断方法开展试验，旨在缩短患者的诊断时间，并计划在未来三年内将其应用于全科患者群体 1。不过，这些测试的早期研究数据仍具局限性，尚未在典型的全科患者中获得充分验证，其广泛的临床应用还需要更多独立研究的支持 1。

其中，Endotest 是一种通过分析 microRNA 标记物来判断是否患有子宫内膜异位症的唾液检测 1。一项涵盖 971 名患者的法国研究指出该检测高度准确，但大多数参与者已确诊子宫内膜异位症 1。另一种名为 EndoSure 的检测则利用腹部传感器垫来测量肠道电信号，测试耗时 45 分钟 1。在一项包含 154 名女性的研究中，EndoSure 展现出 95% 的灵敏度和 96% 的特异性 1。然而，后续一项对比 25 名确诊患者与 25 名对照组的研究显示，该检测的特异性仅为 5% 1。

此外，美国开发的 EndomTest 是一种血液检测，尚未获得 FDA 批准广泛使用 1。澳大利亚的 PromarkerEndo 检测血液中的蛋白质，早期结果在早期疾病中表现良好 1。美国开发的 DotEndo 检测血液中的 microRNA，一项约 750 名患者参与的多中心研究正在评估其应用 1。

Two novel non-invasive diagnostic methods for endometriosis are currently undergoing trials in the United Kingdom, aiming to shorten the time required for diagnosis 1. These approaches include a saliva test and an intestinal electrical signal test, which are planned to be used for general practice patients within the next three years 1.

The first method, Endotest, is a saliva test that analyzes microRNA biomarkers to determine the presence of endometriosis 1. A French study involving 971 patients reported that Endotest is highly accurate, although most participants had already been diagnosed with endometriosis 1. The second method, EndoSure, measures intestinal electrical signals using an abdominal sensor pad and takes 45 minutes to complete 1. A study of 154 women reported that EndoSure had a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 96%, but a subsequent study comparing 25 confirmed patients with 25 controls reported a specificity of only 5% 1.

The US-developed EndomTest is a blood test that has not yet received FDA approval for widespread use 1. In Australia, the PromarkerEndo test analyzes proteins in the blood, with early results performing well in early disease 1. The US-developed DotEndo test detects microRNA in the blood, and a multicenter study involving approximately 750 patients is evaluating its application 1. Early research data for these tests have limitations and have not been fully validated in typical general practice patient populations, meaning more independent studies are required to support their widespread clinical application 1.