全球变暖导致冬季气温升高，使得老鼠繁殖加快，全球多个城市的鼠患数量显著增加 1。罗伯特·科里根等11名科学家去年发表论文，描述了全球变暖对鼠群的影响，指出在16个城市发现老鼠数量大幅增加，且与气温上升存在相关性 1。黑鼠和棕鼠不冬眠，在寒冷时期繁殖会减缓或停止，而气候变暖使得冬季变暖，老鼠繁殖加快 1。对此，罗伯特·科里根表示：“地球正在发生变化，而老鼠正从中获益。” 1
美国每年发生数千起人类意外误食灭鼠药中毒事件 1。为此，科学家和公共卫生官员正探索通过避孕控制、严格公共卫生法规等替代毒药的方法来管理鼠群 1。英国慈善机构野生动物福利中心主任理查德·帕尔认为，开发新型避孕方法是管理抗药性老鼠数量激增的关键 1。然而，格林威治大学生态学教授史蒂文·贝尔曼对避孕控制的有效性持怀疑态度 1。
在灭鼠实践方面，加拿大阿尔伯塔省通过自1950年运行至今的灭鼠项目、集体努力和严格立法，几乎完全消灭了老鼠 1。二战后，该省东部边境与萨斯喀彻温省交界处每年约有六七百处鼠患，而到2025年全省仅有5处鼠患 1。不过，气候变化和城市化正威胁着该省取得的灭鼠成果 1。
Global warming is accelerating rat reproduction due to milder winters, leading to a significant increase in rodent populations in multiple cities worldwide 1. Last year, Robert Corrigan and 10 other scientists published a paper detailing the impact of global warming on rat populations, noting a substantial surge in rodent numbers across 16 cities that correlates with rising temperatures 1. Because black rats and brown rats do not hibernate, their reproduction typically slows down or stops during cold periods, but warmer winters accelerate their breeding 1. Highlighting this shift, Corrigan stated, "Planet Earth is changing and the rats are benefiting." 1
As rat numbers grow, scientists and public health officials are exploring alternatives to poison, such as contraceptive control and strict public health regulations, to manage the populations 1. This shift is partly driven by the thousands of human accidental poisoning cases from ingesting rat poison that occur annually in the United States 1. Richard Parr, director of the UK charity Center for Wild Animal Welfare, emphasized that developing new contraceptive methods is crucial for managing the surge in poison-resistant rats 1. However, Steven Belmain, an ecology professor at the University of Greenwich, remains skeptical about the effectiveness of contraceptive control 1.
Meanwhile, the Canadian province of Alberta has nearly eradicated rats through a rat control program that has been running since 1950, utilizing collective efforts and strict legislation 1. Following World War II, the province recorded about 600 to 700 rat infestations annually along its eastern border with Saskatchewan, but by 2025, there were only five infestations across the entire province 1. Despite this historical success, climate change and urbanization are now threatening these achievements 1.
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