北极苔原生态系统正因气候变暖经历显著变化，原本低矮的植物变得更高、更绿，灌木化进程加速 1。北极变暖速度是全球其他地区的四倍，阿拉斯加北部地区比40年前温暖了4.8华氏度（2.7摄氏度） 1。
灌木化过程会加速变暖，因为深色灌木吸收更多太阳能 1。同时，灌木截留更多积雪，使地面变暖，微生物在冬季释放更多甲烷 1。为了了解生态系统如何适应气候变化，科学家正在研究植物间的竞争与合作关系，研究地点包括位于北极圈以北200英里（320公里）的图利克野外工作站（Toolik Field Station）以及阿拉斯加北部的图利克湖（Toolik Lake） 1。
The Arctic is warming at four times the rate of the rest of the globe, with northern Alaska experiencing temperatures 4.8 degrees Fahrenheit (2.7 degrees Celsius) higher than they were 40 years ago 1. This rapid climate change is significantly altering the Arctic tundra ecosystem, causing historically low-growing plants to become taller and greener while accelerating the process of shrubification 1. Researchers operating out of the Toolik Field Station, situated 200 miles (320 kilometers) north of the Arctic Circle at Toolik Lake in northern Alaska, are closely monitoring these ecological shifts 1.
The expansion of shrubs further accelerates warming 1. Darker shrubs absorb more solar energy, and the vegetation also traps more snow, which keeps the ground warmer and prompts microbes to release more methane during the winter months 1. As a result, the changing landscape increases the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the land surface, further exacerbating Arctic warming and impacting the local ecosystem 1. To better understand how the ecosystem adapts to a changing climate, scientists are investigating the competitive and cooperative relationships among plants 1.
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