中国商务部宣布加强无人机相关两用物项对美国出口管制，对列入出口管制清单的无人机及其关键零部件、相关技术逐案从严审核。[1] 这一措施依据《出口管制法》和《两用物项出口管制条例》，自2026年8月5日起正式实施，不适用许可便利措施。[1] 该举动是中国针对美国7月31日禁止进口43家中国企业产品的反制行动。[1][3]
除无人机管制外，中国商务部还采取了一揽子反制措施。[3] 中方将6家美国实体列入反制清单，包括应用DNA科学公司、地层水库公司、阿尔塔纳技术公司、责任商业联盟、维泰集团、中国人权组织等，禁止其与中国进行贸易活动。[3] 同时暂停中国强制性产品认证指定机构委托美认证机构实施的工厂跟踪检查，并对进口打印复印办公设备发起贸易国家安全调查。[3]
商务部发言人表示，这些措施是被迫之举，声称"措施严重违反两国领导人达成的重要共识，严重损害中国合法权益"。[2] 中方要求美方立即撤销相关限制，并警告若美国推出新的限制措施，将采取进一步反制行动。[2][3]
China's Ministry of Commerce has unveiled a series of retaliatory economic measures in response to US restrictions on Chinese products, with enhanced export controls on unmanned aerial vehicles taking center stage.[1][2][3] The measures, which took effect on August 5, represent Beijing's response to Washington's July 31 action prohibiting imports from 43 Chinese enterprises cited for alleged forced labor involvement in Xinjiang.[1][3]
Under the new controls, all exports of drones, their critical components, and related technologies to the United States will be subject to case-by-case review and will no longer qualify for licensing facilitation measures.[1] The export restrictions are based on China's Export Control Law and the Dual-Use Items Export Control Regulations.[1] Beyond drone controls, China has added six American entities to a counteraction list, banned from conducting trade with China.[2][3] These entities include Applied DNA Sciences Inc., Strata-X Reservoir Corporation, Altana Technologies, Responsibility Business Alliance, Vitas Group, and the nonprofit organization Human Rights in China.[3]
Additionally, China has suspended mandatory product certification (CCC) factory inspections previously delegated to US certification bodies and has initiated a national security investigation into imported printing, copying, and office equipment.[3]
A Chinese Commerce Ministry spokesperson stated that the measures represent actions Beijing was "forced to take," emphasizing that they violate consensus reached between the two countries' leaders and cause serious harm to China's legitimate interests.[2] The statement warned that should the United States introduce further restrictions, China would implement additional countermeasures.[2][3] Chinese officials have characterized the overall response as "restrained," while demanding that Washington immediately rescind its measures.[3]