近期多地医院接诊因夏季运动诱发呼吸性碱中毒的患者[1]。这类患者主要表现为胸闷、四肢麻木、肌肉痉挛等症状[1]，容易与中暑混淆[1]。
呼吸性碱中毒是一种酸碱平衡失调病症，由过度通气导致体内二氧化碳快速下降，进而使血液pH值升高[1]。与中暑不同的是，呼吸性碱中毒患者不会体温升高，主要表现为口唇、四肢末梢麻木[1]。典型症状还包括呼吸频率很快、出现又深又大的呼吸以及"鸡爪形"手[1]。
青少年、年轻女性、心肺功能偏弱的人群需要特别注意[1]，焦虑症、情绪容易激动的人群也要警惕[1]。
医学专家给出了紧急自救方法[1]。一旦出现相关症状，应立即停止运动，到阴凉地方休息[1]；其次调节呼吸节奏，延长呼吸时间[1]；最后用纸袋或信封捂住口鼻，缓慢呼吸数分钟即可缓解[1]。
Multiple hospitals across China have recently treated patients who developed respiratory alkalosis following summer exercise.[1] This acid-base imbalance disorder occurs when rapid overbeathing causes carbon dioxide levels in the body to drop quickly, raising blood pH.[1] The condition can be easily mistaken for heat stroke due to overlapping symptoms.
Patients experiencing respiratory alkalosis typically present with chest tightness, numbness in the limbs, and muscle cramps.[1] Unlike heat stroke, this condition does not cause elevated body temperature; instead, the distinguishing signs include rapid breathing patterns, deep and forceful respiration, and numbness in the lips and extremities, sometimes resulting in a characteristic "claw hand" appearance.[1] Certain populations face higher risk, including adolescents, young women, people with weakened cardiopulmonary function, those with anxiety disorders, and individuals prone to emotional excitability.[1]
Medical professionals have outlined emergency protocols for managing the condition. Upon recognizing symptoms, patients should immediately stop exercising and move to a cool area.[1] Next, they should deliberately slow and regulate their breathing pattern by extending exhalation time.[1] Within minutes, placing a paper bag or envelope over the mouth and nose and breathing slowly into it can effectively relieve symptoms.[1]