美国25个州于8月初向美国国际贸易法院提起诉讼，挑战特朗普政府根据《1974年贸易法》第301条对60个国家和地区实施的新关税措施[1][2]。这些关税征收率在10%至12.5%之间[1][2]，涉及占美国进口总额99%以上的商品[1][2]，自7月24日起生效[2]。
诉讼州认为该政策违法，要求法院叫停关税并要求政府退还已缴纳的税款[2]。纽约州总检察长莱蒂蒂亚·詹姆斯指出："在最高法院败诉后，政府再次试图以新一轮关税非法提高家庭和企业税收"[1]。俄勒冈州检察长丹·雷菲尔德表示："尽管一路失利，特朗普还在试图对工薪家庭和本土企业造成更多伤害"[1]。最高法院曾在2月推翻了此前的进口税措施[1]。
参与诉讼的25个州包括纽约、加利福尼亚、马里兰、俄勒冈、亚利桑那、科罗拉多、康州、特拉华、夏威夷、伊利诺、肯塔基、马萨诸塞、缅因、密歇根、明尼苏达、新泽西、新墨西哥、北卡、宾州、罗德岛、弗州、华州、威州、内华达和佛蒙特州[1]。白宫坚持这些关税在法律上是合法的，声称类似措施在特朗普第一任期内已被证明合法[2]。
A coalition of twenty-five states filed suit against the Trump administration's new tariff measures, challenging the legality of duties imposed on dozens of trading partners.[1][2] The states brought the action to the US International Trade Court, arguing that the administration had implemented the tariffs in violation of law following the Supreme Court's February decision striking down an earlier import tax.[1][2]
The contested tariffs, which took effect on July 24, range from 10 to 12.5 percent and apply to sixty nations and territories accounting for approximately 99.4 percent of US imports.[1][2] The administration invoked Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 as the legal basis for the duties, citing concerns over products made with forced labor.[1][2] New York's attorney general stated: "After losing in the Supreme Court, the government is trying again to illegally increase taxes on families and businesses through a new round of tariffs."[1] Oregon's attorney general similarly remarked: "Despite losing at every turn, Trump continues trying to inflict more harm on working families and our local businesses."[1]
The plaintiff states, which include both Democratic-led jurisdictions such as New York, California, and Oregon, as well as Republican-led states including Nevada and Vermont, are seeking a court order to halt the tariffs and require the government to refund duties already collected.[1][2] The White House has maintained that the tariffs are lawful, asserting that Section 301 authority was "proven legal" during the Trump administration's first term.[2]