美国最大的联邦粮食援助计划SNAP的招生规模正在迅速萎缩1。从2025年5月到2026年5月的12个月内，该计划招生人数从4220万下降至3660万，跌幅超过13%1。这一下降速度远超政府预期，主要由特朗普政府实施的新工作要求和其他福利条款驱动1。同时，行政障碍和文件要求不足也导致符合资格的人失去了福利1。
各州受影响程度差异显著1。亚利桑那州在同期内下降幅度最大，12个月内招生人数下跌55%，超过40万人失去了福利1。乔治亚州、路易斯安那州、内华达州和佛罗里达州的下降幅度也都超过20%1。亚利桑那州官员布雷特·贝齐奥表示，实施新的联邦要求"触发了前所未有的来电量和行政障碍"1。
新政策扩大了工作要求的适用范围，包括55至64岁的人群以及14至17岁有子女的人群1。国会预算办公室预测，这些新要求将导致招生人数在2036年前跌至3400万以下1。此外，从2027年10月开始，各州需要承担部分福利成本，特别是当支付错误率超过6%时1。目前，SNAP平均月度福利为每户344美元1。
Enrollment in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, the nation's largest federal food aid initiative, has declined by more than 13 percent over a 12-month period, significantly outpacing government expectations 1. The program saw its beneficiary count drop from 42.2 million in May 2025 to 36.6 million in May 2026, driven substantially by expanded work requirements and other provisions introduced under new Trump administration policies 1.
The enrollment decline varies considerably across states, with Arizona experiencing the steepest contraction at 55 percent, affecting more than 400,000 residents 1. Georgia, Louisiana, Nevada, and Florida have all reported declines exceeding 20 percent 1. Arizona state officials attributed the sharp drop to administrative obstacles and unprecedented call volumes triggered by the new federal requirements 1. Beyond policy mandates, eligible individuals have also lost benefits due to insufficient documentation and other administrative challenges 1.
The new policies broaden work requirements to encompass adults aged 55 to 64 and individuals aged 14 to 17 with dependents 1. According to projections from the Congressional Budget Office, these measures are expected to drive enrollment below 34 million by 2036 1. Additionally, beginning in October 2027, states will bear partial responsibility for benefit costs if their error rates exceed 6 percent 1. The average monthly benefit per household currently stands at $344 1.
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