复旦大学物理学家团队通过粒子传输模拟研究发现，在原子核以接近光速相撞产生的夸克-胶子等离子体中存在一种被忽视的加速度力[1]。研究表明，这种极端加速度主要集中在等离子体的外边界，峰值加速度在低碰撞能量和高碰撞能量条件下均可达数百兆电子伏[1]。最强的横向加速度指向外侧[1]，在低能碰撞时核减速可达约500兆电子伏[1]。研究覆盖了从3.5 GeV到2.76 TeV的碰撞能量范围，采用了AMPT和UrQMD两种粒子传输模型[1]。
研究团队认为，加速度可能影响物质的热行为、粒子自旋方向和物质相变，为研究强相互作用物质开辟了新方向[1]。复旦大学物理学家黄旭光教授表示，"加速度可能作为QCD物质的热力学控制参数"[1]，并指出"就像温度和密度定义物质的相图一样，加速度可能打开该相图的新轴"[1]。
Researchers at Fudan University have identified a hidden acceleration force operating within the quark-gluon plasma produced when atomic nuclei collide at near-light speeds, according to simulation-based studies.[1] The extreme accelerations are predominantly concentrated at the plasma's boundary and may influence the thermal behavior of matter, particle spin orientation, and phase transitions of strongly interacting substances, opening new avenues for studying QCD matter.[1]
The investigation, conducted by physicists including Ma Yugang and Huang Xuguang, examined collision energies ranging from 3.5 GeV to 2.76 TeV using two particle transport models—AMPT and UrQMD.[1] Peak acceleration values reached hundreds of MeV across both low and high collision energies, with the strongest transverse acceleration pointing outward at the outer boundary of the quark-gluon fireball.[1] At lower collision energies, nuclear deceleration reached approximately 500 MeV.[1]
According to Professor Huang Xuguang, acceleration may function as a thermodynamic control parameter for QCD matter.[1] "Just as temperature and density define the phase diagram of matter, acceleration could open a new axis on that diagram," Huang stated.[1]