法国和克罗地亚研究人员通过分析一艘2200年前的罗马共和国沉船，解开了古代造船防水涂层的奥秘。1这艘名为Ilovik-Paržine 1的沉船于2016年被发现，沉没于克罗地亚外海。1科研团队对船体涂层进行了分子和花粉分析，确认其由两种材料组成：松焦油和松焦油与蜂蜡的混合物。1
通过对10个涂层样本中保存的花粉进行研究，研究人员能够追踪船舶的修复历史。1分析结果表明该船曾接受过4到5次不同批次的涂层修复工作。1花粉证据显示船舶在意大利东南部城市布林迪西（古称Brundisium）建造，部分防水涂层可能在当地应用，而其他涂层则可能在东北亚得里亚海沿岸添加。1这一发现证实了古代罗马人在长期使用过程中会对船舶进行维护和修缮，所用材料来自地中海周围不同地点。1
Researchers analyzing a Roman Republic vessel that sank off the coast of Croatia approximately 2,200 years ago have uncovered details about the sophisticated waterproofing methods employed by ancient seafarers 1. The Ilovik-Paržine 1 shipwreck, discovered in 2016, yielded ten coating samples that scientists examined using molecular and pollen analysis to reconstruct the ship's maintenance history 1.
The hull coating consisted of two distinct materials: pine tar and zopissa, a mixture of pine tar and beeswax 1. Evidence from preserved pollen revealed that the vessel underwent between four and five separate coating applications across different periods 1. Pollen analysis indicated the ship was originally built in Brundisium, modern-day Brindisi in southeastern Italy, with some protective layers potentially applied in that region, while other coating layers may have been added later along the northeastern Adriatic coast 1.
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