全球专利申请格局出现明显变化。2024年全球专利申请总量约372万件，较2005年的约170万件增长2.2倍1。在这一时期，中国专利申请实现快速扩张，2011年跃居全球首位后持续增长，2024年专利申请量达到第二位以下的美国、日本、韩国及欧洲等国家和地区合计的1.3倍1。相比之下，日本在全球专利申请中的份额从2004年的36%大幅下降至2024年的10%，20年间总体份额从25%降至8%1。
日本专利申请的增速明显放缓。2024年日本专利申请量达30万件，同比增长仅2%，相比2005年的42万件反而下降3成1。在生成式AI等新兴技术领域，日本的竞争力尤为不足。日本在AI架构及底层技术等核心领域的专利数量全球排名仅为第四，排在中国、美国和韩国之后1。
The global patent landscape has undergone significant transformation, with China solidifying its dominance while Japan's position has weakened considerably. According to reporting by Japan's Nikkei newspaper, China's patent application volume continues to lead worldwide, having surpassed all other major economies combined in recent years 1.
Over the past 20 years, Japan's share of global patent applications has declined sharply from 25% to 8% 1. In absolute terms, Japan filed approximately 300,000 patent applications in 2024, representing a 2% year-on-year increase but marking a 30% decline compared to the 420,000 applications submitted in 2005 1. Meanwhile, global patent application volume has expanded to approximately 3.72 million cases in 2024, more than double the roughly 1.7 million cases recorded in 2005 1.
China's rise in patenting has been dramatic. After claiming the top position globally in 2011, the country has continued expanding its patent portfolio, reaching a volume in 2024 that equals 1.3 times the combined applications of all other major economies—the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Europe 1. Among the five largest patent-filing jurisdictions, Japan's proportion fell from 36% in 2004 to 10% in 2024 1.
Japan's weakness in emerging technology sectors has contributed to its diminishing share. The country ranks fourth globally in core artificial intelligence patents, including AI architecture and foundational technologies, trailing China, the United States, and South Korea 1.
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