美国特朗普政府在赢得法律诉讼后结束了海地人临时保护身份(TPS)项目，首批160多名被驱逐者于周四抵达海地北部城市Cap-Haitien1。这一政策变化将影响约35万海地人1，同时美国最高法院的裁决还允许来自十多个国家约100万持有临时保护身份的人员失去保护1。
海地目前面临严峻的人道主义危机。该国1500万人口中超过一半需要人道主义援助1，帮派暴力导致记录性的150万人流离失所1。根据统计，2024年1月至6月期间，海地共报告3100多人死亡和1189人受伤1，帮派组织已控制首都Port-au-Prince约70%的地区1。鉴于安全局势恶化，美国政府对海地首都的商业航班禁令已延续至9月初1。
被驱逐者的遣返条件同样引发关注。这些驱逐者包括临时保护身份持有者和服刑者1，他们仅获得最多65美元和食物饮水作为遣返援助1。一名被驱逐者Jean Diane Louis表示，他在5岁时离开海地，因未指定的犯罪被判19年监禁1。人权活动人士对此警告，海地缺乏必要资源接纳被驱逐者1。
The Trump administration has terminated the Temporary Protected Status (TPS) program for Haitian nationals following a legal victory, resulting in the deportation of over 160 individuals to Cap-Haitien in northern Haiti on Thursday 1. The deportees include both TPS holders and individuals with criminal convictions 1. The decision affects approximately 350,000 Haitian nationals in the United States, and the Supreme Court allowed the TPS program to end, impacting roughly one million people from more than a dozen countries 1.
Haiti faces severe humanitarian challenges that complicate the arrival of deported individuals. Gang violence has displaced a record 1.5 million people, with armed groups controlling approximately 70 percent of the capital, Port-au-Prince 1. Between January and June 2024, more than 3,100 deaths and 1,189 injuries were reported in Haiti 1. More than half of the nation's 15 million population requires humanitarian assistance 1. Human rights advocates have warned that Haiti lacks sufficient resources to accommodate returnees, and the U.S. government maintains a commercial flight ban to the capital extending through early September 1.
Deportees received minimal support upon arrival, with each person provided a maximum of $65 and food and water 1. One deportee, Jean Diane Louis, stated he left Haiti at age five and was serving a 19-year prison sentence before his deportation 1.
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