MIT物理学家在碲化铒量子材料中发现了两种电荷密度波通过不同机制出现的现象 1。研究表明，第一种电荷密度波在零下8摄氏度出现，呈现平缓的二阶相变特征 1；第二种电荷密度波在零下113摄氏度出现，则展现出从孤立区域扩张的一阶相变特征，类似冰晶生长的过程 1。这两种电子组织形式在零下230摄氏度的条件下同时存在于该材料中 1。
由MIT教授Nuh Gedik领导的研究团队发表在《自然物理学》上的这一发现，有助于理解量子材料中超导性和磁性等奇异物质性质的产生和共存机制 1。Gedik表示，"第二种相出现的机制长期以来一直存在争议，我们的方法提供了一种强有力的新途径来揭示量子材料中相变背后的隐藏物理" 1。
MIT physicists have identified two distinct mechanisms by which electronic phases emerge in the quantum material erbium telluride, according to research led by Professor Nuh Gedik.1 The first charge density wave appears at minus 8 degrees Celsius and exhibits characteristics of a second-order phase transition, emerging gradually across the material.1 The second charge density wave forms at minus 113 degrees Celsius and displays features of a first-order phase transition, expanding outward from isolated regions in a process resembling ice crystal growth.1
The research, conducted at temperatures as low as minus 230 degrees Celsius, reveals that both charge density waves can coexist within the same material.1 Gedik noted that understanding these mechanisms addresses a long-standing question in physics: "The mechanism responsible for the emergence of this second phase has long been debated, and our approach provides a powerful new way to uncover the hidden physics behind phase transitions in quantum materials."1 The findings, published in Nature Physics, advance understanding of how exotic quantum properties such as superconductivity and magnetism arise and coexist in materials.1
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