希伯来大学研究人员发现，人脑皮层神经元的计算能力远比科学家此前认为的强大得多。1研究由该校教授伊丹·塞格夫和米基·伦敦领导，成果已发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》2026年第123卷第28期。1
研究揭示，单个人类神经元并非如传统观点所认为的那样只是简单开关，而是具备复杂信息处理能力的微型生物计算设备。1塞格夫教授表示："人们常认为神经元是简单的开关，但我们证明单个人类神经元本身是一个非常复杂的计算设备。"1研究人员利用高级计算机建模和人工智能技术来测量单个脑细胞的计算复杂性。1这一发现可能有助于解释人类何以具备语言、想象和数学等高级认知能力。1
人脑包含接近1000亿个神经元，通过庞大的连接网络相互链接。1此次研究结果表明，即使在单个神经元层面，大脑的计算能力也远远超过此前的科学估计。1
Researchers at the Hebrew University have discovered that individual neurons in the human cerebral cortex possess significantly greater computational capabilities than previously understood.1 Rather than functioning as simple biological switches, single human neurons operate as remarkably complex computing devices capable of performing sophisticated information processing tasks.1 This finding may help explain how humans develop advanced cognitive abilities such as language, imagination, and mathematical reasoning.1
The research, led by professors Idan Segev and Mickey London at the Hebrew University, employed advanced computer modeling and artificial intelligence to measure the computational complexity of individual brain cells.1 According to Segev, "People often think neurons are simple switches, but we have proven that a single human neuron itself is a very complex computational device."1 The human brain contains approximately 100 billion neurons interconnected through an extensive network of connections.1 The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) in 2026, Volume 123, Issue 28.1
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