《国民健康"十五五"规划》提出到2030年人均预期寿命达到80岁，主要健康指标进入高收入国家行列1。这一目标的实现基础已初步显现：2025年我国人均预期寿命达79.25岁，比2020年提高了1.32岁1，未来5年还需提高0.75岁1。同时，2025年居民健康素养水平为33.69%1。
为实现这一目标，需要通过防病、治病、管病三个环节推进1。防病阶段强化健康科普和传染病防控，其中我国结核病发病率已降至49/10万以下，治疗成功率保持在90%以上1，适龄儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种率持续维持在90%以上1。治病阶段通过优质医疗资源扩容下沉和紧密型医联体建设让群众看病更便捷，目前已设置13个专业类别国家医学中心和125个国家区域医疗中心1，组建了各种形式的医联(共)体超1.8万个1。管病阶段加强慢性病健康管理和"一老一小"健康服务，2024年9月将慢阻肺病患者健康服务纳入基本公共卫生服务项目1，2025年10月印发了《关于加强基层慢性病健康管理服务的指导意见》1，2025年4月启动了为期3年的"儿科服务年"行动1。
China's National Health "Fifteenth Five-Year" Plan outlines an ambitious goal to raise average life expectancy to 80 years by 2030, positioning key health indicators on par with high-income countries 1. This represents a continuation of recent progress: the nation's average life expectancy reached 79.25 years in 2025, an increase of 1.32 years from 2020, requiring an additional 0.75-year gain over the next five years 1.
Achieving this target hinges on a three-pronged strategy spanning disease prevention, treatment, and management 1. In the prevention phase, authorities are strengthening health education and infectious disease control, with notable results including a tuberculosis incidence rate below 49 per 100,000 and a 90-percent-plus treatment success rate 1. Meanwhile, routine childhood immunization coverage under the national vaccination program has been sustained above 90 percent 1. Public health literacy reached 33.69 percent in 2025 1.
Expanding quality medical services forms the treatment pillar of the plan 1. The government has established 13 national medical centers across specialized fields and designated 125 national regional medical centers to improve healthcare accessibility 1. Additionally, more than 18,000 healthcare alliances and integrated medical networks have been created nationwide 1. In the management phase, chronic disease monitoring and specialized services for elderly and pediatric populations are being prioritized 1. September 2024 saw chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient care integrated into basic public health services 1, followed by issuance of guidelines on strengthening primary-level chronic disease management in October 2025 1. A three-year "Pediatric Service Initiative" was launched in April 2025 1.
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