芬兰东部大学教授Andrew Agbaje领导的新研究对沿用42年的儿童"脂肪反弹"理论提出挑战1。该理论由法国研究员Marie Françoise Rolland-Cachera于1984年提出1，长期以来被用于解释儿童在6岁左右BMI上升的现象。
Agbaje的研究基于2410名2-19岁儿童的NHANES 2021-2023数据分析1，发现儿童BMI在2岁时平均为17.1 kg/m²，6岁时返回同一水平，但腰围身高比（WHtR）从0.54下降至更低水平，并在6岁之后从未恢复至初始水平1。
研究团队认为，传统BMI测量方法误将正常的肌肉和瘦体组织增长误读为脂肪反弹1。采用WHtR等更准确的测量方法后，体脂并未真正反弹，这一现象实际上代表的是儿童正常的生长过程而非肥胖警告信号1。WHtR与双能X射线吸收测定法（DEXA）测量脂肪质量的准确度约为90%1。
值得注意的是，长期饮食干预试验从7个月至20岁的跟踪研究未能改变BMI下降和上升的模式1，这进一步支持了该现象为正常生长的结论。Agbaje建议采用WHtR作为诊断儿童过量脂肪的通用临床工具1。该研究已在伊斯坦布尔欧洲肥胖研究大会上发表，并刊登于《营养学杂志》1。
Researchers have challenged a four-decade-old hypothesis about childhood weight patterns, suggesting that the widely accepted "adiposity rebound" theory may misinterpret normal growth as a warning sign of obesity. The theory, introduced by French researcher Marie Françoise Rolland-Cachera in 1984, posited that children's body mass index (BMI) rises around age six due to increased body fat 1. However, new analysis indicates this rebound may actually reflect normal muscle and lean tissue development rather than fat accumulation 1.
The study, led by Andrew Agbaje from the University of Eastern Finland, analyzed data from 2,410 children aged 2 to 19 using the 2021-2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1. Researchers found that while average BMI returned to its two-year-old level of 17.1 kg/m² by age six, measurements using the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)—a more precise indicator of body fat—told a different story 1. WHtR declined from 0.54 and never rebounded to initial levels at age six or afterward, with the metric showing approximately 90% accuracy when compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans 1. Long-term dietary intervention trials spanning from seven months to age twenty similarly failed to alter the BMI pattern, suggesting the phenomenon reflects inherent developmental growth rather than reversible fat accumulation 1.
Agbaje presented the findings at the European Congress on Obesity in Istanbul and published them in the Journal of Nutrition, recommending that WHtR be adopted as a universal clinical tool for diagnosing excessive body fat in children rather than relying on traditional BMI measurements 1.
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