沃里克大学的天文学家通过欧洲南方天文台的甚大望远镜观测黑洞系统Swift J1727.8−1613在2023年的爆发，发现黑洞在吸入来自伴星的气体的同时，也通过强力喷流、风以及其他机制排出大量物质[1]。研究表明，黑洞排出的物质数量可能与其最终吸入的物质量相当[1]。
即使在黑洞活跃度下降至峰值约百分之一时，研究人员仍然检测到密集的气体被强力吹出[1]。这一观察结果表明黑洞的物质排放过程贯穿整个爆发周期。由沃里克大学博士后研究员Noel Castro Segura领导的这项研究已发表在《皇家天文学会月报》2026年第550卷第4期[1]。
Astronomers from the University of Warwick have made a striking discovery about black hole feeding behavior by observing an outburst from the black hole system Swift J1727.8−1613 in 2023 using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope.[1] The research reveals that black holes do not simply accumulate all the material they draw in from companion stars; instead, they eject substantial quantities through powerful jets and winds, as well as through continued outflows during the later stages of eruption.[1] According to the findings, the amount of matter expelled by the black hole may be comparable to the total amount it ultimately accretes, fundamentally altering our understanding of black hole feeding efficiency and suggesting they function like a cosmic digestive system.[1]
The observations detected dense gas being expelled even when the black hole's activity had declined to approximately one percent of its peak intensity, demonstrating that significant mass loss continues throughout the outburst cycle.[1] Led by postdoctoral researcher Noel Castro Segura at the University of Warwick, the study has been published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 550, Issue 4, 2026.[1]