特朗普政府正大幅加快移民法庭的审理节奏，通过扩大单场听证规模和压缩准备时间来清理积压案件。[1] 2025年6月举行了超过1300场"mega"主听证会，相比上年同月增加近三倍，单个法官一天需处理数十至数百件案件。[1] 同时，听证准备时间从约六个月被缩短至一个多月。[1]
这种高压节奏导致了严重的后果。移民无故缺席听证的比例从2025年1月的约20%激增至6月的40%，[1] 被视为"放弃"的案件占全国比例达到自2009年以来历史平均水平的近五倍，纽约和芝加哥等地更是达到六倍。[1] 遣返令数量随之大幅上升，从1月的约33000份增至6月的约79000份，[1] 创下历史新高。同期待决案件数从2025财年的370万降至350万。[1]
司法部为这一政策辩护，声称"法官正在调整日程以更快解决案件，同时确保所有案件得到公平合法处理"。[1] 但移民权利倡导机构Mobile Pathways的首席运营官斯科鲁帕对此提出质疑，指出"合并的准备时间和密集听证块的组合是一个为人们无法举行听证而设计的日程表"。[1]
The Trump administration is rapidly processing immigration cases through an aggressive expansion of court hearings and compressed preparation timelines, resulting in a dramatic spike in deportation orders.[1] In June 2025, immigration courts held more than 1,300 "mega" hearing sessions, nearly tripling the number from the same month the previous year.[1] The administration has reduced preparation time for cases from approximately six months to just over one month.[1]
This accelerated pace is correlating with a sharp rise in case dismissals and deportation orders. The rate of immigrants failing to appear for hearings without cause surged from approximately 20 percent in January 2025 to 40 percent by June 2025.[1] Deportation orders jumped from roughly 33,000 in January to approximately 79,000 in June, reaching historic highs.[1] Cases deemed abandoned have reached nearly five times the historical average since 2009, with rates approximately six times higher in New York and Chicago.[1] Simultaneously, the backlog of pending cases decreased from 3.7 million in fiscal year 2025 to 3.5 million.[1]
The Justice Department defended the approach, stating that "judges are adjusting schedules to resolve cases more quickly while ensuring all cases receive fair and legal treatment."[1] However, critics argue the system is structured to prevent adequate case preparation. Bartlomiej Skorupa, chief operating officer of Mobile Pathways, characterized the arrangement as "a schedule designed for people to not be able to hold a hearing," citing the combination of compressed preparation periods and intensive hearing blocks.[1]