西班牙北非飞地塞乌塔遭遇大规模越境事件，约6万名摩洛哥人在24小时内进入该城市[1][2][3][4]，至少57人在越境过程中丧生[1][4]。这一危机随即引发欧盟内部连锁反应，意大利宣布暂停与西班牙的申根协议一个月，从8月1日起生效[1][4]。意大利内政部同时关闭与西班牙的海运和空运入境点，但不影响欧盟公民往来[1]。
西班牙政府表示，截至7月31日下午6点本地时间，约4.8万名移民已返回摩洛哥[1][4]。西班牙总理桑切斯将此次越境潮归咎于人贩子对西班牙最高法院7月一项裁决的误读和谣言传播[1][4]。桑切斯强调[4]："这不是分裂的时刻，这是继续建立一个强大统一的欧盟的时刻。"
除意大利外，多个欧盟成员国随即采取行动。法国内政部长劳伦特·努内斯宣布加强西班牙边境管制，启动快速反应边境部队[1]。丹麦总理梅特·弗雷德里克森敦促欧盟考虑暂停西班牙的申根合作资格[1][4]。德国内政部长多布林特计划将该国边境检查延至9月之后[1][4]，德国总理默茨则要求摩洛哥"立即"接纳非法移民[1]。欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩表示，危险越境必须立即停止，走私网络必须被摧毁[1][4]。
Approximately 60,000 migrants crossed into Spain's North African enclave of Ceuta within 24 hours, prompting a major diplomatic crisis across the European Union.[1][2][3][4] At least 57 people died during the crossing, with incidents including drowning and stampedes.[1][4] By late Friday, Spanish authorities reported that approximately 48,300 of the migrants had voluntarily returned to Morocco.[1][4]
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez attributed the surge to human trafficking networks that misrepresented a July ruling by Spain's highest court to lure migrants toward the border.[1][4] However, the Trump administration blamed Spain's immigration policies, with the U.S. State Department claiming the incident was "a direct result of the Spanish government's deliberate promotion and facilitation of mass illegal migration into Europe," a characterization Spain firmly rejected.[2] Spain has implemented a migration amnesty that received over one million applications before the deadline.[2]
The crisis triggered swift responses from multiple EU member states. Italy announced it would suspend its Schengen agreement with Spain for one month beginning August 1st, while closing maritime and air entry points from Spain—though EU citizens' movement would not be affected.[1] France strengthened border controls with Spain and activated a rapid response border force.[1] Denmark's Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen urged the EU to consider suspending Spain's Schengen cooperation status.[1][4] Germany announced plans to extend border checks beyond September.[1][4]
EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen stated that "dangerous crossings must stop immediately" and that smuggling networks must be destroyed.[1][4] Spanish Prime Minister Sánchez countered that "this is not a time for division; it is a time to continue building a strong and united European Union."[4]