特朗普政府宣布与哈马斯达成协议，哈马斯同意在加沙地带解除武装，以换取以色列分阶段从该地区撤军[1][2][3]。这项协议由美国、土耳其、埃及和卡塔尔作为担保方推进，是九个月前美国斡旋停火协议签署后的重要后续进展[2]。哈马斯官员周五表示已就武装解除达成协议[1][2]，而以色列尚未表示同意，其官员对该协议持怀疑态度[7][8]。
根据协议框架，哈马斯将在国际稳定部队监督下进行分阶段解除武装，预计耗时200至350天[2]。重型武器、军事生产基地、武器库和隧道将在完成既定承诺后逐步解除[4]。特朗普在社交媒体上宣布，"随着裁军完成，以色列军队将撤军，国际稳定部队将与新的巴勒斯坦警察部队合作"[2]。巴勒斯坦警察将向美国支持的民族行政委员会移交武器，而非以色列[3]。加沙国家管理委员会将接管民事和安全职能[4]，国际核查委员会负责监督各方承诺的履行情况[4]。第二阶段时间表和实施机制应在所有方批准后14天内制定[4]。
然而，该协议面临多重障碍。以色列官员表示在哈马斯裁军和加沙非军事化之前，不会从目前控制的约60%的加沙领土撤军[2][8]。以色列国防部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔称该计划"对以色列不可接受"[8]。德国外交部长约翰·瓦德菲尔表示欢迎协议，认为这是加沙冲突解决的重要里程碑[3]。
这场冲突始于2023年10月7日，当日哈马斯和其他巴勒斯坦武装分子袭击造成近1200名以色列人死亡，其中约三分之二为平民和儿童，251人被俘虏进入加沙[2][6]。以色列随后发动报复性攻势，已造成超73000名巴勒斯坦人死亡[2]。停火生效后，至少1168名巴勒斯坦人在以色列袭击中丧生[8]，四名以色列士兵在巴勒斯坦人的攻击中丧生[8]。
President Trump has announced a breakthrough agreement under which Hamas has agreed to disarm in Gaza while Israel commits to withdraw from the territory.[1][2][5] The accord comes nine months after an American-brokered ceasefire agreement was signed, though negotiations had remained stalled over implementation details.[1][5]
Hamas officials stated on Friday that they have reached agreement on disarmament, with the plan to be executed in carefully structured phases over an estimated 200 to 350 days.[2][8] Under the arrangement, Hamas will transfer weapons to a transitional Palestinian administrative council and international mediators—namely the United States, Turkey, Egypt, and Qatar—rather than directly to Israel.[2][3] Heavy weapons, military production facilities, ammunition depots, and tunnel networks will be dismantled following completion of commitments under the Sharm El-Sheikh protocol, with an interim international stabilization force overseeing the process.[2][4][8] A Palestinian national administrative council will assume civilian and security functions in Gaza, while Israel is to withdraw in phases according to an agreed timeline.[4][8]
However, significant obstacles remain. Israel has not formally endorsed the agreement and maintains deep skepticism about Hamas's commitment.[1][2][7] Israeli officials stated they will not withdraw from the approximately 60 percent of Gaza territory currently under their control until Hamas is completely disarmed and Gaza is fully demilitarized.[2][8] Defense Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir has called the plan "unacceptable to Israel."[8] The agreement also faces political complications, with Israeli elections scheduled for October and U.S. midterm elections in November.[6]
The conflict has exacted a severe humanitarian toll. Since Hamas and other Palestinian militants launched attacks on October 7, 2023, killing approximately 1,200 Israelis and capturing 251 people,[2][6] Israel's military response has resulted in over 73,000 Palestinian deaths according to official counts, with at least 1,168 Palestinians killed in Israeli strikes since the ceasefire took effect.[2][8] Germany's Foreign Minister has welcomed the disarmament proposal as a significant milestone for resolving the Gaza conflict.[3]