特朗普政府禁止进口外国制造人形机器人，指向中国市场主导权

特朗普政府于7月31日宣布禁止外国制造的人形机器人和四足机器人进入美国，理由是国家安全风险1。这一举措直指中国在全球人形机器人市场的主导地位——中国去年占全球人形机器人部署的85%，出货量约11,600台，而美国企业的出货量仅为几百台1。

中国已拒绝接受指控，指责美国以国家安全为借口进行保护主义，并表示可能采取报复措施限制美国机器人企业所需的原材料1。美国在对华贸易限制方面已有先例，此前曾对中国无人机、太阳能电池板实施类似限制，并对中国电动汽车征收100%关税1。

人形机器人产业前景巨大。Barclays预估该市场规模可能从目前的20-30亿美元增长至2035年的2000亿美元1。特斯拉Optimus目前售价约100,000美元，未来价格可能下降至20,000-30,000美元1。

The Trump administration announced on July 31, 2026, a prohibition on foreign-manufactured humanoid and quadruped robots entering the United States, citing national security concerns 1. The measure is primarily aimed at China, which accounted for 85 percent of global humanoid robot deployments in the previous year 1. Chinese companies shipped approximately 11,600 humanoid units annually, while American firms delivered only a few hundred units 1.

China has rejected the allegations underlying the ban, characterizing the restriction as protectionism disguised as a national security measure 1. Beijing has indicated it may retaliate by limiting American robot manufacturers' access to raw materials they require 1. This ban follows a pattern of similar restrictions, as the United States has previously imposed comparable limitations on Chinese drones and solar panels, and has levied a 100 percent tariff on Chinese electric vehicles 1.

Industry analysts project significant market growth for humanoid robots in coming years. Barclays estimates the sector will expand from its current valuation of $2 billion to $3 billion to an estimated $200 billion by 2035 1. Tesla's Optimus model currently costs approximately $100,000, though the company anticipates potential price reductions to between $20,000 and $30,000 in the future 1. The United States is projected to see approximately 90,000 robot units shipped by year's end 1.