自2022年停火协议生效以来，也门胡塞武装与沙特阿拉伯之间在2026年7月首次爆发军事冲突升级。1胡塞武装声称遭沙特轰炸萨那机场，随后对沙特阿美公司贾赞生产基地和油轮NCC Ghazal发动攻击，促使该生产基地关闭。1胡塞武装还宣布封锁曼德海峡，禁止沙特相关商船通行。1
沙特方面随即予以反击，对胡塞目标进行轰炸，并宣布建立多国海事防御联盟以保护关键航运路线。1该防御联盟已获14个国家确认参与。1胡塞武装的主要诉求是要求沙特解除对其控制区的空中和海上封锁。1此外，沙特在本周内对伊朗支持的伊拉克民兵设施进行了空袭。1美国在2025年3月重新指定胡塞武装为外国恐怖组织。1
Yemen's relative calm since a 2022 ceasefire agreement has been shattered by a significant military escalation between Houthi forces and Saudi Arabia 1. The Houthis claimed that Saudi warplanes bombed Sana'a airport, prompting them to launch retaliatory strikes against Saudi Aramco facilities, including shutting down the Jazan production base 1. The Iranian-backed group also announced a blockade of the Strait of Mandeb to prevent Saudi-linked commercial vessels from passing through 1.
In response, Saudi Arabia conducted counterattacks against Houthi targets and declared the establishment of a multinational maritime defense alliance involving 14 confirmed participating nations to protect critical shipping routes 1. The Houthis' primary demand centers on Saudi Arabia lifting its aerial and maritime blockade of Houthi-controlled areas 1. The escalation follows the United States' redesignation of the Houthis as a foreign terrorist organization in March 2025 1 and Saudi airstrikes on Iran-backed Iraqi militia facilities that occurred this week 1.
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