自2022年停火协议生效以来，也门胡塞武装与沙特阿拉伯之间在2026年7月首次爆发军事冲突升级。[1]胡塞武装声称遭沙特轰炸萨那机场，随后对沙特阿美公司贾赞生产基地和油轮NCC Ghazal发动攻击，促使该生产基地关闭。[1]胡塞武装还宣布封锁曼德海峡，禁止沙特相关商船通行。[1]
沙特方面随即予以反击，对胡塞目标进行轰炸，并宣布建立多国海事防御联盟以保护关键航运路线。[1]该防御联盟已获14个国家确认参与。[1]胡塞武装的主要诉求是要求沙特解除对其控制区的空中和海上封锁。[1]此外，沙特在本周内对伊朗支持的伊拉克民兵设施进行了空袭。[1]美国在2025年3月重新指定胡塞武装为外国恐怖组织。[1]
Yemen's relative calm since a 2022 ceasefire agreement has been shattered by a significant military escalation between Houthi forces and Saudi Arabia [1]. The Houthis claimed that Saudi warplanes bombed Sana'a airport, prompting them to launch retaliatory strikes against Saudi Aramco facilities, including shutting down the Jazan production base [1]. The Iranian-backed group also announced a blockade of the Strait of Mandeb to prevent Saudi-linked commercial vessels from passing through [1].
In response, Saudi Arabia conducted counterattacks against Houthi targets and declared the establishment of a multinational maritime defense alliance involving 14 confirmed participating nations to protect critical shipping routes [1]. The Houthis' primary demand centers on Saudi Arabia lifting its aerial and maritime blockade of Houthi-controlled areas [1]. The escalation follows the United States' redesignation of the Houthis as a foreign terrorist organization in March 2025 [1] and Saudi airstrikes on Iran-backed Iraqi militia facilities that occurred this week [1].