马里正经历数年来最为严峻的安全局势。基地组织关联的圣战者努斯拉特伊斯兰与穆斯林组织（JNIM）与分离主义武装力量阿扎瓦德解放阵线（FLA）联手加强了对马里军队的攻击[1]。今年前七个月，武装分子袭击造成的死亡人数达3435人，相比2024年同期的2546人增加了35%[1]。
这两个组织在4月发动了十年来首次大规模同步攻击，随后在本月对马里军队车队进行伏击，造成数十名士兵伤亡或被俘[1]。JNIM的领导人是Iyad Ag Ghaly，他曾是图阿雷格反叛集团的退伍军人和前马里外交官[1]。成立于2024年的FLA则争取马里北部独立[1]。自2012年北部图阿雷格叛乱以来，马里冲突进入了新阶段，之后2020年军人推翻了平民政府[1]。萨赫勒地区被列为全球最危险地区，约占全球恐怖死亡的一半[1]。
Mali is grappling with its worst security crisis in years as Al-Qaeda-affiliated JNIM jihadists and the Azawad Liberation Front (FLA) separatist rebels have intensified coordinated strikes against military forces.[1] The two groups launched their first major synchronized attack in a decade in April, and this month conducted an ambush on a Mali military convoy that resulted in dozens of soldiers killed or captured.[1] Deaths from armed militant attacks surged 35 percent during the first seven months of this year, reaching 3,435 compared to 2,546 deaths in the same period of 2024.[1]
JNIM, led by Iyad Ag Ghaly—a veteran of former Tuareg rebel groups and former Mali diplomat—operates alongside the newly formed FLA, which was established in 2024 and seeks independence for northern Mali.[1] The violence follows a 2020 military coup that overthrew Mali's civilian government.[1] The Sahel region, where Mali is located, has become the world's most terrorized area, accounting for approximately half of global terrorism-related deaths.[1]