特朗普宣布与哈马斯达成"完全解除武装"协议

美国总统特朗普宣布其和平委员会已与哈马斯达成协议，要求哈马斯及加沙其他武装组织完全解除武装124。特朗普称这是其20点加沙和平计划的"历史性"里程碑248。根据协议框架，哈马斯将分阶段解除武装，以色列军队随后从加沙撤出，由国际稳定部队与新的巴勒斯坦警察部队维持安全秩序2358。

协议由埃及、卡塔尔和土耳其充当调解人谈判达成2389。哈马斯官员确认已就武器问题达成协议78，并表示此举旨在"拯救加沙人民免受杀害和流离失所"7。特朗普感谢三个调解国的参与23。根据特朗普的20点计划，武器缴交和哈马斯隧道摧毁预计需时200至350天5。哈马斯的武器将由过渡性巴勒斯坦技术官员委员会管理和储存，而非交给以色列8。

然而，协议的实际约束力仍存疑问。以色列和哈马斯均未立即正式确认该协议1356。以色列官员此前表示15点提案未满足其要求，该国坚称在哈马斯完全裁军前不会撤军8。同时，中东专家对协议的真实性表示怀疑，认为"很难相信哈马斯同意完全解除武装"11。哈马斯方面也警告称，"如果以色列未能履行义务，不会实施协议的任何部分"11。

这一宣布出现在加沙冲突已造成严重人道主义后果的背景下。2023年10月7日哈马斯对以色列发动攻击，造成约1200人死亡、约250人被扣押511。以色列随后的军事行动已导致加沙超过73000人丧生511。

President Trump has declared that his Board of Peace has reached a historic agreement requiring Hamas and other armed groups in Gaza to completely disarm, with Israeli forces to withdraw as the process unfolds.1248 Trump characterized the accord as a significant milestone in his 20-point Gaza peace plan.123 The agreement, negotiated with mediation from Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey, will be implemented in carefully structured phases.28

Under the proposed framework, Hamas weapons will be inventoried and stored under Palestinian supervision rather than handed over to Israel.810 International stabilization forces will work alongside a new Palestinian police force to maintain security in Gaza following Israeli withdrawal.235 According to Trump's plan, the disarmament and destruction of Hamas tunnel networks is expected to require between 200 and 350 days.5 A Hamas negotiation team member confirmed that "an agreement has been reached regarding the issue of weapons," describing it as an effort "to save the people of Gaza from killing and displacement."7

However, significant uncertainties persist. Neither Israel nor Hamas has formally confirmed their acceptance of the accord.136 Israeli officials have stated that the proposed terms do not satisfy their requirement for complete demilitarization of Gaza, and Israel has insisted it will not withdraw before Hamas is fully disarmed.811 Hamas has told the AFP that it will not implement any part of the agreement if Israel fails to meet its obligations.11 Meanwhile, Middle East experts have expressed skepticism, with some questioning whether Hamas would genuinely commit to complete disarmament.11 The conflict has claimed over 73,000 Palestinian lives in Gaza, with the vast majority being civilians, stemming from Israel's military response to Hamas's October 7, 2023 attack that killed approximately 1,200 Israelis and resulted in about 250 hostages.511