马萨诸塞州半数护理院人员配置不足

马萨诸塞州超过一半的护理院未能满足州政府规定的最低人员配置标准。1该州341家护理院中有50%在2024年底未达州政府要求，州政府规定护理院必须提供至少3.58小时/患者/天的护理，其中注册护士至少0.508小时/患者/天。1自2021年州政府制定最低人员配置要求以来，合规情况仍然不理想。1

营利性护理院的合规问题尤为突出。164%的营利性护理院未能满足至少一项州人员配置最低标准，而非营利性机构的不符合率仅为18%。1州卫生检查员自2024年以来，仅对31家护理院因人员配置不足提出健康违规，尽管251家护理院至少有一个季度未达州最低标准。1

执法和罚款力度受到质疑。1MassHealth在5年内从护理院征收5800万美元罚款，平均每年1160万美元，仅占州护理院2024年MassHealth收入23亿美元的0.5%。1州政府在业界贸易组织要求下，于去年10月将总体人员配置比率低于标准的护理院罚款从固定2%改为0.5%-3%的分级制。1

人员短缺与离职率高企加剧了该问题。1马萨诸塞州护理院注册护士中位数时薪49.03美元，护理员中位数时薪22.44美元，州护理院平均员工离职率达39%。1连锁护理企业Next Step Healthcare于2024年与马萨诸塞州总检察长达成400万美元和解协议，涉及故意裁减员工指控。1

A substantial compliance crisis is unfolding across Massachusetts's nursing care sector, with half of the state's 341 facilities failing to meet minimum staffing standards by the end of 2024.1 The state mandates that nursing homes provide at least 3.58 hours of care per patient per day, including a minimum of 0.508 hours from registered nurses.1

The problem is particularly acute among for-profit operators, with 64 percent of such facilities violating at least one state staffing requirement, compared to just 18 percent of nonprofit institutions.1 Despite this disparity, enforcement remains limited: health inspectors have issued staffing-related violations to only 31 nursing homes since 2024, even though 251 facilities fell below state minimums for at least one quarter.1 Financial penalties have proven insufficient as a deterrent, with MassHealth collecting $58 million in fines over five years—an average of $11.6 million annually that represents just 0.5 percent of the state's $2.3 billion in nursing home MassHealth revenue for 2024.1 Additionally, the state relaxed its penalty structure last October at the request of industry trade groups, replacing a flat 2 percent fine with a graduated scale of 0.5 to 3 percent for facilities operating below overall staffing ratios.1

Workforce challenges underpin the staffing shortages, with registered nurses in Massachusetts nursing homes earning a median hourly wage of $49.03 and nursing assistants earning $22.44, set against an average employee turnover rate of 39 percent across the sector.1 The staffing crisis has drawn regulatory attention: Next Step Healthcare, a major chain, settled with the state's attorney general in 2024 for $4 million over allegations of intentional staff reductions.1