澳大利亚政府本周宣布将研究在西澳建设大型石油炼油厂的可行性[1]。如果获得批准，这将成为澳大利亚第三座石油炼油厂，填补该国25年来因多个炼油设施关闭留下的空白[1]。
然而，新建炼油厂仅是能源安全战略的第一步。澳大利亚99%的国际贸易按交易量计依靠海运[1]，其中包括药品、化学品、机械、电气设备、车辆和零件等关键物品[1]。在全球海域竞争日益激烈、航运中断风险潜伏的背景下，单一项目远不足以保障国家韧性。
为建立更为完善的海事贸易防御体系，澳大利亚应当构建由总理和内阁部门支持的常设海事战略分支机构[1]，以统筹协调产业、航运、港口和国防能力。这种做法已有国际先例——日本已建立由总理领导的内阁级海洋政策办公室[1]。
The Australian government this week announced it would examine the feasibility of constructing a large-scale oil refinery in Western Australia, a move intended to strengthen national energy security [1]. If approved, this facility would become the nation's third such refinery, following the closure of multiple refineries over the preceding 25 years [1].
However, experts caution that a single refinery project is insufficient to address Australia's vulnerability to shipping disruptions. The country relies on maritime transport for 99% of its international trade by transaction volume [1], with critical imports including pharmaceuticals, chemicals, machinery, electrical equipment, vehicles, and spare parts, as highlighted in a 2021 Productivity Commission report [1]. To build resilience against growing competition in global waters and potential supply chain interruptions, Australia should establish a cabinet-level maritime policy office supported by the prime minister and cabinet departments [1]. Japan has already implemented such a model, with a cabinet-level maritime policy office led by its prime minister [1].
