研究人员通过分析2002至2021年的全球卫星数据发现，当持续干旱快速转变为闪电式干旱（flash drought）时，会形成"超易燃"状态，对野火强度和传播产生显著影响1。在这种复合干旱条件下，野火规模相比正常条件扩大65%，比单独标准干旱状态下大21%；火灾传播速度提高35%，燃烧时间延长19%1。
从干旱发生到野火爆发的时间间隔也存在显著差异1。复合干旱条件平均间隔为72天，而闪电式干旱仅需17天，标准干旱则为56天1。南美洲、非洲草原、澳大利亚北部和美国西部等地受到闪电式干旱的极端影响最为严重1。随着全球气温上升，这种复合干旱现象日益频繁1。
Researchers analyzing two decades of global satellite imagery have identified a particularly dangerous weather phenomenon in which rapid droughts—known as flash droughts—dramatically accelerate wildfire spread and severity.1 When sustained dry conditions abruptly transition into flash droughts, they create what scientists describe as a "super-flammable" landscape state.1
The study, which examined data from 2002 to 2021, quantified the amplified fire risk associated with these combined drought conditions.1 Wildfires under combined drought circumstances spread 35% faster than normal and burn areas 65% larger than fires occurring under standard conditions.1 Additionally, fires in combined drought scenarios are 21% more extensive than those during standard drought alone, and flames persist 19% longer.1 The timeline between drought onset and fire ignition also varies significantly: combined droughts average 72 days before fire erupts, whereas flash droughts alone require only 17 days, compared to 56 days for standard droughts.1
The heightened vulnerability is geographically concentrated in several regions.1 South America, African grasslands, northern Australia, and the western United States experience the most extreme manifestations of this intensified fire risk.1 As global temperatures continue to rise, these flash drought events are becoming increasingly frequent, intensifying the threat to fire-prone landscapes worldwide.1
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