澳大利亚联邦政府与西澳大利亚州政府宣布联合投资400万澳元启动可行性前研究，计划建设澳大利亚自1960年代以来首座新油炼厂12。该项目旨在应对中东地区冲突期间所暴露的燃料供应风险，总理Anthony Albanese表示"中东战争持续越久，对澳大利亚的影响就越大"1。
澳大利亚当前对进口燃料的依赖程度严峻12。该国约90%的液体燃料来自海外进口1，仅有位于Geelong和Brisbane的两座运营炼厂，供应国内需求的约10%1。与此对比，澳大利亚在20世纪初曾拥有8座炼厂1。作为世界上最大的柴油进口国1，澳大利亚面临严重的燃料安全风险。
可行性研究将评估新炼厂的必要性、最优地址选择和运营模式2，潜在地点包括西澳大利亚的Kwinana或Karratha2。建设周期预计需要5至10年2。分析师Saul Kavonic估计，能将澳大利亚炼油能力翻倍的炼厂成本约为150亿澳元1。
专家对该项目的实际意义存在保留意见。投资银行Jarden Australia能源研究主管Nik Burns认为可行性研究是"从安全角度来看正确的一步"1。但Grattan Institute的Alison Reeve指出，"即使建设新炼厂，我们可能也必须从海外进口石油"1，这表明新炼厂难以从根本上消除澳大利亚对进口燃料的依赖。
The Australian federal government and Western Australia state government have jointly announced a A$4 million pre-feasibility study to explore the construction of a new oil refinery, marking the first such project in Australia since the 1960s.12 The initiative aims to address fuel security vulnerabilities exposed during Middle East disruptions in February, with the two governments each contributing A$2 million to the research effort.1
Australia currently relies on imports for approximately 90% of its liquid fuel supply, with only two operating refineries—located in Geelong and Brisbane—producing roughly 10% of domestic demand.1 The country has seen a dramatic decline in refining capacity over the decades, from eight refineries in the early twentieth century to its current two.1 The feasibility study will evaluate whether a new refinery is needed, identify potential locations in Western Australia such as Kwinana or Karratha, and assess operational models, with construction potentially requiring five to ten years if approved.2
However, experts question whether a new refinery would substantially reduce Australia's fuel import dependency. Alison Reeve from the Grattan Institute noted that "even if we build a new refinery, we may still have to import oil from overseas."1 Analyst Saul Kavonic estimates that a refinery capable of doubling Australia's current refining capacity would cost approximately A$15 billion.1 Prime Minister Anthony Albanese stated that "the longer the war in the Middle East continues, the greater the impact on Australia,"1 underscoring the geopolitical pressures driving the initiative. Australia is also the world's largest diesel importer.1
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