La Jolla免疫学研究所和Scripps研究所的科学家开发了一种采用"萌芽系靶向"策略的HIV疫苗，该策略通过训练B细胞产生大量罕见的"广泛中和"抗体来对抗病毒1。在灵长类动物试验中，约44%的恒河猴产生了丰富的HIV广泛中和抗体，创造了灵长类动物中最佳的HIV抗体反应记录1。这项由Shane Crotty和William Schief共同主导、历时14年的合作研究成果已发表在《Nature》杂志上1。
该疫苗的初免原体已进入人类临床试验阶段，目前正在IAVI G004第一阶段试验中进行评估1。这一进展标志着HIV疫苗研发领域取得重大突破，为应对HIV的三大关键难题——病毒被糖分子伪装掩盖、变异速度快以及感染细胞时改变形状——提供了新的解决方案1。
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology and Scripps Research have developed a novel HIV vaccine employing a "germline-targeting" strategy to train B cells to produce rare broadly neutralizing antibodies 1. In preclinical trials using rhesus macaques, approximately 44% of the animals generated robust HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies, representing the best antibody response ever achieved in primates 1. This breakthrough culminates 14 years of collaborative research led by Shane Crotty and William Schief 1, with findings published in Nature 1.
The vaccine addresses three major obstacles posed by HIV: its concealment beneath sugar molecules, its rapid mutation rate, and its ability to change shape upon infecting human cells 1. The immunogen candidate evaluated in the HVTN 144 trial has now advanced to human clinical testing, currently undergoing assessment in the IAVI G004 Phase 1 trial 1.
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