厄瓜多尔正经历严重的毒品危机。去年该国谋杀案超过9200起[1][2]，成为全球谋杀率最高的国家之一[2]。根据总统丹尼尔·诺博亚的说法，约70%流向欧美的可卡因来自厄瓜多尔[1]。这些毒品来自哥伦比亚和秘鲁，由当地帮派与墨西哥贩毒集团以及阿尔巴尼亚黑手党有关联的组织走私贩运[2]。
杜兰市成为这场毒品战争的最前沿。警察特遣队在队长布斯塔曼特的领导下积极打击贩毒组织，缴获武器并逮捕嫌疑人，该市今年前六个月的谋杀率下降了50%[1]。然而，警方面临巨大的结构性困难。一名帮派领导人透露已杀害约8人，且帮派成员年龄最小仅12岁，三年后就可能成为杀手[1]。帮派头目通过向警察支付月费1500至2000美元来贿赂执法部门，以获得警方行动的提前预警[1]。
系统性腐败严重阻碍了执法工作。警察上校圣地亚哥·加维拉内斯表示："我们监禁他们，他们就释放他们。帮派有钱可以收买法律、法官和政治家"[1]。尽管总统进行了铁血镇压，但帮派分裂反而导致其数量增加[1]，这使得打击犯罪组织的工作更加复杂化。
Ecuador's battle against drug trafficking has intensified, with police forces confronting well-funded criminal organizations in cities like Durán amid widespread corruption. Approximately 70% of cocaine reaching Europe and the Americas originates from Ecuador, according to President Daniel Noboa [1]. The country recorded more than 9,200 murders last year, placing it among the world's highest murder rates [1][2].
Local gangs operate in collaboration with Mexican drug cartels and organizations linked to the Albanian mafia, trafficking drugs sourced from Colombia and Peru [2]. Police Colonel Santiago Gavilanes highlighted the systemic challenges facing law enforcement, stating: "We imprison them, they release them. The gangs have money to buy the law, judges and politicians" [1]. Gang leaders reportedly bribe police officers between $1,500 and $2,000 monthly to receive advance warning of police operations [1]. A gang leader interviewed claimed to have killed approximately eight people and noted that the youngest gang members are only 12 years old, with the potential to become killers within three years [1].
Despite these obstacles, police efforts have achieved some measurable results. Durán experienced a 50% reduction in murders during the first six months of this year, according to police data [1]. However, the underlying problem persists: government crackdowns have fragmented larger gangs into smaller, more numerous organizations, complicating enforcement efforts [1].