美国中期选举提前投票突破五千万，民主党参与度领先

距离2026年美国中期选举正式投票日仅剩三天时，全美已有超过5000万选民通过提前投票方式投出选票 123。根据佛罗里达大学的数据分析，截至周六上午，这一数字比2022年中期选举同期的总提前投票量多出近500万张 1。此次选举结果将决定唐纳德·特朗普第二任期最后两年的国会控制权归属 1。

数据显示，民主党的选民热情显著高于共和党，在收集相关信息的州中，已有1070万名注册民主党人参与投票，而注册共和党人为780万名 1。这种高参与度在传统共和党优势州尤为明显：得克萨斯州提前投票人数超过700万，较2022年同期增加150万人；南卡罗来纳州的提前投票率则激增了83% 1。其他关键摇摆州也呈现类似趋势，堪萨斯州、缅因州和密歇根州的提前投票率分别增加了34%、44%和32% 1。

与此同时，司法系统介入了选举相关的争议。一名联邦法官颁布禁令，阻止特朗普领导的司法部对全国范围内的选举工作人员进行威胁 2。此外，上诉法院再次驳回了特朗普政府试图扣押加利福尼亚州选票的努力 2。尽管共和党目前在参议院以53席对47席拥有多数席位并试图保住控制权，但面对激烈的竞争态势，特朗普周五晚在佛罗里达州集会上表达了对漫长竞选周期的不满，称：“我以为这就是结局了……连续28天做这种垃圾事情真是太多了。” 1

More than 50 million Americans have already cast their ballots in early voting, with just three days remaining before the midterm elections 123. According to an analysis by the University of Florida, over 50.5 million early votes had been recorded nationwide as of Saturday morning 1. This figure represents a significant increase compared to previous cycles, exceeding the total early vote count from the 2022 midterms by nearly five million 1. The surge in participation is set against a backdrop of high stakes, as the outcome will determine control of Congress during the final two years of Trump’s second term 1.

Democratic turnout has notably outpaced Republican engagement in states where data is available, with 10.7 million registered Democrats casting early votes compared to 7.8 million registered Republicans 1. This trend is particularly visible in traditionally Republican strongholds; in Texas, more than seven million voters have already participated, marking an increase of 1.5 million over the same period in 2022 1. In Harris County alone, 862,700 people voted by Wednesday, up from 564,500 at the same point in the last cycle 1. Similar spikes were observed in South Carolina, where early voting rates jumped by 83%, and in Kansas (up 34%), Maine (up 44%), and Michigan (up 32%) 1. While Republicans currently hold a 53-47 majority in the Senate and are seeking to maintain that control, former President Trump expressed frustration with the campaign's intensity at a Friday rally in Florida, stating, "I thought this was the end... It’s too much to do this garbage thing for 28 consecutive days" 1.

Amidst the record-breaking voter turnout, legal challenges regarding election administration have also emerged. A federal judge has issued an injunction preventing the Trump-led Department of Justice from threatening election officials nationwide 2. Furthermore, an appeals court recently rejected another attempt by the Trump administration to impound ballots in California 2. These judicial actions coincide with the heightened political competition reflected in the early voting numbers across key swing and red states 12.