牛津大学、加州大学伯克利分校及劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室组成的国际科研团队公布了一项突破性发现，揭示了铌和钛基实验合金在低至20开尔文（约-253°C或-424°F）的极端低温环境下，仍能克服传统体心立方金属脆性转变问题的新机制 1。这一成果挑战了科学界关于金属在深冷条件下行为模式的传统认知，相关论文已于2026年10月14日发表在《自然》杂志上 1。
研究指出，该抗脆裂现象的核心在于纳米尺度的“孪晶”效应与相变过程相结合，从而为材料提供了新的塑性变形路径 1。在该研究中，通讯作者由牛津大学Dong Liu教授担任，第一作者为David Cook博士，他在发表时隶属于加州大学伯克利分校，目前已转至剑桥大学任职 1。这一发现被认为为航空航天、能源系统等需要在极端低温环境中运行的领域开发高耐用性材料提供了全新的技术途径 1。
An international research team has discovered a new mechanism that enables niobium and titanium-based alloys to remain ductile at extreme cryogenic temperatures as low as 20 Kelvin, or -253°C (-424°F) 1. This finding overcomes the traditional brittleness transition problem exhibited by body-centered cubic metals at such low temperatures 1. The study, which challenges established understanding of metallic behavior in deep freeze conditions, was published in the journal Nature on October 14, 2026 1.
The breakthrough relies on a combination of nanoscale "twinning" and phase transformations, which generate novel pathways for plastic deformation within the experimental alloys 1. The research was conducted by a team comprising scientists from the University of Oxford, the University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1. Professor Dong Liu of the University of Oxford served as the corresponding author, while Dr. David Cook, who was affiliated with UC Berkeley during the study and is now at the University of Cambridge, is credited as the first author 1. These discoveries provide new avenues for developing durable materials suitable for extreme environments, including aerospace and energy systems 1.
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