在位于美国纽约州长岛的布鲁克海文国家实验室，科学家利用相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）让氧原子核以接近光速发生碰撞，成功重现了宇宙大爆炸初期的物质形态——夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）1。这一发现表明，这种奇异物质可以在比此前认为的更小、更低能量的碰撞中形成，挑战了早期宇宙物理学的已知边界1。
2026年10月30日，STAR实验团队发布了相关研究成果1。数据显示，在200 GeV能量下的氧核碰撞中观察到了“喷注淬火”现象，高能粒子的抑制率为20%，这证明了夸克-胶子等离子体的形成1。相比大型强子对撞机（LHC）需要超过5000 GeV的能量，此次实验确立了产生QGP的新下限，即在显著更低的能量下也能生成该物质1。该研究的主要参与者包括山东大学教授Li Yi和布鲁克海文实验室物理学家Rongrong Ma，成果发表于《物理评论快报》1。
Physicists at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have successfully recreated a state of matter that existed moments after the Big Bang by smashing oxygen nuclei together at nearly the speed of light. The experiment, conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island, New York, demonstrated that quark-gluon plasma (QGP) can form in collisions significantly smaller and lower in energy than previously believed possible 1. This finding challenges established boundaries in early universe physics and was published in Physical Review Letters in 2026 1.
The STAR collaboration observed "jet quenching" during these collisions at an energy level of 200 GeV, which serves as definitive evidence for the formation of QGP 1. Researchers recorded a suppression rate of high-energy particles at 20%, confirming the presence of this exotic matter 1. This result establishes a new lower limit for the conditions required to produce QGP, contrasting sharply with experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where such states are typically generated at energies exceeding 5,000 GeV 1. Key contributors to the study include Li Yi, a professor at Shandong University, and Rongrong Ma, a physicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory 1.
评论
还没有评论，欢迎留下第一条。