由NASA喷气推进实验室Yang Liu领导的团队确认，2022年在马里撒哈拉沙漠发现的火星陨石“Teghaza 001”形成于至少41亿年前 1。这一发现使其成为继Allan Hills 84001和Black Beauty之后已知第三块古老的火星陨石 1。该研究为探索火星古老地壳提供了新视角，并有助于解释为何地球上的古老火星岩石如此罕见 1。
目前已知仅有三块古老的火星陨石：Allan Hills 84001、Black Beauty和Teghaza 001 1。大多数其他火星陨石（Shergottites, Nakhlites, Chassignites）年龄小于24亿年 1。研究者认为大撞击是筛选机制，只有坚固的岩石才能从火星表面发射并存活到达地球 1。
A team led by Yang Liu from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory has confirmed that Teghaza 001, a meteorite discovered in Mali’s Sahara Desert in 2022, formed at least 4.1 billion years ago 1. This finding establishes Teghaza 001 as the third known ancient Martian meteorite, alongside Allan Hills 84001 and Black Beauty 1. In contrast, most other Martian meteorites—classified as shergottites, nakhlites, or chassignites—are younger than 2.4 billion years 1.
The study provides a new perspective on Mars’ ancient crust 1. Researchers suggest that large impacts acted as a filtering mechanism, meaning only sturdy rocks could be ejected from the Martian surface and survive the journey to Earth 1. This process helps explain why ancient Martian rocks are so rare on our planet 1.
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