由密歇根大学、浙江大学及约翰霍普金斯大学等机构组成的国际研究团队，利用哈勃太空望远镜对附近星暴星系进行观测，发现早期宇宙中恒星爆炸产生的强大风实际上会阻挡紫外线辐射从星系逃逸，这一结论挑战了此前认为超新星风有助于辐射逃逸的主流理论 1。相关研究成果已发表于《自然·天文学》，论文题为“Lyman continuum escape during the onset of galactic winds in compact starbursts”，发表日期标注为2026年10月30日 1。
研究发现，更强的星系风与更少的电离辐射逃逸之间存在关联，这意味着年轻大质量恒星的辐射可能在超新星爆发前就已离开星系 1。密歇根大学博士后研究员Cody Carr指出：“这些星系泄漏电离辐射的方式并非我们先前所想。” 1 约翰霍普金斯大学的Stephan McCandliss进一步解释称，超新星输入的能量增加了抑制电离辐射逃逸的中性气体和尘埃的覆盖率 1。
该团队选取附近的星暴星系作为研究对象，将其视为早期贡献于宇宙再电离星系的现代类比 1。这一发现暗示需要重新评估计算机模拟中恒星形成早期阶段的作用，以理解宇宙如何变得透明 1。此项研究获得了包括浙江大学、中国国家自然科学基金、欧盟地平线2020计划、NASA以及美国国家科学基金会在内的多方资助 1。
Astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope have discovered that powerful winds from stellar explosions in early universe galaxies actually obstruct, rather than facilitate, the escape of ultraviolet radiation. 1 This finding contradicts prevailing theoretical models regarding how the universe transitioned from darkness to transparency during its reionization era. 1 The study reveals a counterintuitive correlation where stronger galactic winds are associated with less ionizing radiation escaping into intergalactic space. 1
The research, published in Nature Astronomy on October 30, 2026, suggests that the intense energy input from supernovae increases the coverage of neutral gas and dust, which suppresses the outward flow of ionizing photons. 1 Stephan McCandliss of Johns Hopkins University explained that this mechanism prevents the radiation from leaving the galaxy as previously hypothesized. 1 Cody Carr, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Michigan, noted: “These galaxies leak ionizing radiation in ways fundamentally different from earlier scientific assumptions.” 1
To reach these conclusions, an international team involving institutions such as the University of Michigan and Zhejiang University analyzed nearby starburst galaxies, which serve as modern analogs for the systems that contributed to cosmic reionization. 1 The findings imply that computer simulations must be reassessed to accurately model the role of early-stage star formation in making the universe transparent. 1 Key funding for the study was provided by Zhejiang University, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 program, NASA, and the National Science Foundation. 1
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