德国等国阻挠，欧盟撤回给予加拿大“准成员”地位提议

在特朗普政策促使加拿大转向欧洲的背景下，欧委会主席冯德莱恩此前提出的授予加拿大“准成员国”（associate membership）地位的构想遭遇挫折 13。尽管该计划旨在深化双边联系，但包括德国在内的多个欧盟成员国对该身份标签表示反对，导致这一提议被最终撤回 123。

冯德莱恩于上月正式提议向加拿大开放“准成员”资格，但在蒙特利尔举行的为期两天的加拿大-欧盟峰会筹备期间，阻力显现 2。德国驻加拿大大使马蒂亚斯·吕滕伯格解释称，“准成员”一词在德国语境中通常特指乌克兰和摩尔多瓦与欧盟的关系，因此引发误解和担忧 2。经德国等国游说，草案声明中的相关措辞已被移除，转而使用“更紧密的联合”（ever closer association）这一表述 2。双方官员确认，这一调整并不意味着加拿大将寻求正式成员资格或支付类似现有会员国的会费，其核心仍在于参与不同的欧盟项目 2。

此次外交博弈发生在加拿大总理马克·卡尼积极拉近与欧洲关系的进程中 13。卡尼曾在欧洲议会斯特拉斯堡发表演讲，强调在“地缘政治断裂”面前加欧应更加团结 2。面对美国总统唐纳德·特朗普对此类想法的嘲讽及其威胁征收“非常严重的关税”的压力，欧盟内部虽在名分上做出让步，但务实合作仍在推进 2。预计峰会将在国防、关键矿产、研究和贸易领域达成协议，且加拿大已与德国签署里程碑式能源协议，未来几年将首次长期向欧洲运输液化天然气 2。

Germany and other European Union member states have successfully blocked a proposal by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen to grant Canada "associate membership" in the bloc 13. Although von der Leyen had floated the idea of opening talks on this status last month, opposition from within the EU led to the plan being withdrawn and replaced with softer language during recent diplomatic engagements 23. The move highlights internal resistance to expanding formal or quasi-formal ties with non-EU nations, despite efforts by Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney to deepen relations with Europe 1.

The controversy centers on the specific terminology used in draft declarations for the two-day Canada-EU summit held in Montreal 2. German Ambassador to Canada Matthias Rüttenberg explained that the term "associate member" is typically reserved in Berlin’s political context for relationships with Ukraine and Moldova, leading to significant misunderstandings when applied to Canada 2. Consequently, Germany lobbied to remove the phrase from the official statement, substituting it with "ever closer association" to avoid implying any form of membership without actual EU accession 2. Both sides confirmed there are no plans for Canada to seek full membership or pay standard EU membership fees; instead, cooperation will focus on specific projects in defense, critical minerals, research, and trade 2.

These developments occur against a backdrop of shifting geopolitical alliances, driven largely by US President Donald Trump’s policies which have pushed Ottawa toward European partners 13. While Carney addressed the European Parliament in Strasbourg, stating that Canada and Europe are "stronger together" amidst geopolitical fractures, he also faced pressure from Washington 2. Trump dismissed the concept of closer Canadian-EU ties as "ridiculous" and threatened "very serious tariffs" if he viewed the alignment as a hostile act 2. Despite the diplomatic friction over labels, tangible economic steps continue, including a milestone energy agreement where Canada will begin long-term liquefied natural gas shipments to Europe in the coming years 2.