英国新任财政大臣约翰·希利公布了其上任后的首个2026年预算案，涉及多项税收和支出措施 12。为帮助公众评估这些政策对个人财务状况的影响，《卫报》推出了一款交互式计算器工具 1。该预算案在惠及部分家庭与企业的同时，也增加了对银行、博彩业等行业的税负 2。
根据新政策，A至D档物业的住户将从1月起获得100英镑的能源成本补助，国家养老金将于明年4月升至13,036英镑 2。“Your First Home”计划将支持首付低至2.5%的首次购房者，其中伦敦地区的收入上限设定为14万英镑，其他英格兰地区为11万英镑 2。此外，政府还将提供1亿英镑补贴用于建设路边电动车充电设施，并取消100多种产品的关税，预计可能导致橘子酱等商品价格下降20% 2。自雇父亲也将从2029年4月起享受为期两周、最高每周194英镑的产假工资 2。
在增税方面，银行公司税附加费临时从3%增至6%，为期15个月，预计合计多缴15亿英镑税款 2。自2027年4月起，投注额超过1英镑的老虎机税率将从20%提高至25% 2。基本税率储蓄者在免税额度外的利息收益需缴纳24%的税 2。值得注意的是，Resolution Foundation指出，由于能源补助按市政税等级分配，约有140万贫困家庭可能错过这100英镑的补助 2。另外，希利还取消了英格兰1.5公顷以下棕地开发项目的生物多样性净增益（BNG）要求 2。
The Guardian has introduced an interactive calculator designed to help individuals determine whether they are financially better or worse off following the tax and spending announcements made by John Healey in the UK’s 2026 Budget 1. This tool allows users to evaluate the specific effects of the new fiscal policies on their personal financial situations, reflecting the government's latest adjustments to revenue collection and public expenditure 1.
Key Beneficiaries and Financial Adjustments
John Healey outlined several measures intended to support households and specific sectors in his first budget since taking office 2. Residents in properties classified as bands A through D will receive a £100 energy cost subsidy starting in January, while the state pension is set to rise to £13,036 next April 2. The “Your First Home” scheme continues to assist first-time buyers with deposits as low as 2.5%, subject to income caps of £140,000 in London and £110,000 in other parts of England 2. Additionally, self-employed fathers will be eligible for two weeks of paternity pay from April 2029, capped at £194 per week, and the government has allocated £100m for on-street electric vehicle charging infrastructure 2.
Changes to trade policy may also impact consumer prices, as the removal of tariffs on over 100 products could lead to price reductions of up to 20% for items such as marmalade 2. However, concerns have been raised regarding the distribution of the energy subsidy; the Resolution Foundation noted that approximately 1.4 million poor households might miss out on the £100 payment due to its allocation based on council tax bands 2.
Sector-Specific Tax Increases and Regulatory Changes
While some groups benefit, others face increased financial burdens under the new rules. Bankers and betting shops are among the identified "losers" of the budget, with specific tax hikes targeting these industries 2. A temporary surcharge on bank corporation tax will increase from 3% to 6% for a period of 15 months, generating an additional £1.5bn in revenue 2. In the gambling sector, the tax rate on slot machines with stakes of £1 or more will rise from 20% to 25% starting in April 2027 2. Basic rate savers will also see changes, as interest earnings above the tax-free allowance will now be subject to a 24% tax 2. Furthermore, Mr. Healey has canceled the Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) requirement for brownfield development sites smaller than 1.5 hectares in England 2.
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