2026年10月28日，波兰科学院核物理研究所（IFJ PAN）的科学家公布了一项关于NASA阿尔忒弥斯I号任务的最新研究成果，该研究利用氟化锂晶体探测器分析了月球轨道附近的宇宙辐射数据1。研究发现，尽管月球附近的总辐射剂量高于低地球轨道，但其增幅并未如预期般巨大1。这一现象归因于月球环境缺乏捕获低能质子的范艾伦辐射带保护机制，导致高能银河系粒子贡献更大且分布更为均匀1。
此次分析依托于阿尔忒弥斯I号无人飞船在2022年底至2023年初执行的MARE实验，该实验使用内置超过10,000个微小晶体的人体模型记录辐射数据1。来自波兰克拉科夫IFJ PAN的团队开发了基于氟化锂晶体的被动式荧光径迹探测器，该技术无需化学蚀刻即可通过显微镜直接观察粒子径迹，从而简化了分析流程并消除了背景干扰1。改进后的分析方法与常规探测器结果的偏差小于15%，并且能够检测到低于传统设备阈值的高能沉积事件1。这项发表于《Radiation Measurements》期刊的研究揭示了辐射在人体模型中几乎均匀分布的特性，为未来载人登月任务的辐射防护提供了关键数据支持1。
Scientists from the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IFJ PAN) analyzed cosmic radiation data collected during NASA’s uncrewed Artemis I mission 1. The study reveals that while total radiation doses near the Moon exceed those in low Earth orbit, the increase is smaller than previously anticipated 1. This finding stems from the absence of Van Allen radiation belts in the lunar vicinity; on Earth, these belts trap lower-energy protons and create variable shielding conditions, whereas in space near the Moon, high-energy galactic particles dominate the radiation field 1. Consequently, this radiation distributes almost uniformly through human tissue models, providing critical data for radiation protection in future crewed lunar missions 1.
To achieve these results, the team based in Krakow developed passive fluorescent track detectors utilizing lithium fluoride crystals 1. These devices allow for the direct microscopic observation of particle tracks without requiring chemical etching 1. The detectors were integrated into a human phantom containing over 10,000 miniature crystals aboard the Orion spacecraft during the Artemis I flight, which occurred between late 2022 and early 2023 1. Validation tests demonstrated that the improved analytical method deviates by less than 15% from conventional detector results while successfully identifying high-energy deposition events below the threshold of traditional equipment 1. The research was published in the journal Radiation Measurements 1.
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