澳大利亚政党One Nation对政府补贴处方药流入黑市表示担忧1。虽然已知某些药物存在被滥用情况，但目前难以精确判断问题的实际规模、增长趋势及对纳税人的成本影响1。根据数据，黑市上处方药价格范围为1至30澳元每片1，而2022-23年澳大利亚14岁及以上人口中约1/20在过去12个月内报告使用过非医疗用途的药物1。
近年来政府补贴药物欺诈案件时有发生。2025年澳大利亚联邦警察从新南威尔士州一药剂师手中没收超2000万澳元资产，涉及超1000万澳元的药物福利计划（PBS）欺诈指控1。此前，维州一药剂师2023年2月因提交76份虚假PBS申请被判2年监禁，涉及金额超11万澳元1；布里斯班一药剂师2022年因PBS欺诈近200万澳元被法院下令赔偿190万澳元1。2023年联邦政府委托报告估计医疗保险欺诈和不合规价值约每年15至30亿澳元，但未单独列出PBS欺诈数字1。2024年审计长报告发现过时IT系统增加了PBS欺诈风险1。
Australian political party One Nation has expressed alarm about subsidized prescription medications from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) being diverted to the illegal market.1 While certain PBS drugs are known to be subject to misuse, the precise scale of the problem, its growth trajectory, and the financial impact on taxpayers remain difficult to determine.1
The issue has drawn regulatory attention through several high-profile cases. In 2025, the Australian Federal Police seized over A$20 million in assets from a New South Wales pharmacist facing allegations involving more than A$10 million in PBS fraud.1 A Victorian pharmacist was sentenced to two years imprisonment in February 2023 after submitting 76 fraudulent PBS claims worth over A$110,000.1 A Brisbane pharmacist was ordered by the court to pay A$1.9 million in compensation for PBS fraud estimated at approximately A$1.8 million.1 A 2024 audit report identified outdated IT systems as a contributing factor to PBS fraud risk.1
The extent of non-medical drug use remains substantial within the broader Australian population. In 2022–23, approximately one in twenty Australians aged 14 and over reported using drugs for non-medical purposes in the past 12 months.1 On the black market, prescription drugs range in price from A$1 to A$30 per tablet according to the StreetRx database.1 A 2023 federal government commissioned report estimated healthcare fraud and non-compliance costs at approximately A$1.5 to A$3 billion annually, though PBS fraud figures were not itemized separately.1
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