澳大利亚归还两件北宋皇陵石刻文物

2025年10月28日下午，澳大利亚国立美术馆在堪培拉举行仪式，正式向中国归还两件流失文物 1。这两件文物均源自中国河南省的北宋皇陵，材质为石灰岩，分别为永裕陵武官像头部和永昌陵文官像头部 1。其中，武官像头部高68公分，重132公斤；文官像头部高70公分，重223公斤 1。

此次文物返还是基于中国于2025年向澳洲国立美术馆提交的备忘录要求，旨在践行国际公约并促进文化交流 1。中国国家文物局对此表示，此举是维护各国文物安全、尊重文化权益的正义之举 1。作为背景参考，上一次澳大利亚归还中国流失文物发生在2023年，当时正值中澳关系回暖之际 1。

The National Gallery of Australia held a repatriation ceremony in Canberra on the afternoon of October 28, 2025, returning two limestone sculptures to China 1. The artifacts are heads of military and civil officials from the imperial tombs of the Northern Song Dynasty, specifically originating from the Yongyu Mausoleum and the Yongchang Mausoleum in Henan Province 1. This transfer was executed following a memorandum submitted by China to the gallery earlier in 2025 1.

Details regarding the physical characteristics of the returned items indicate that the head of the military official from the Yongyu Mausoleum stands 68 centimeters tall and weighs 132 kilograms 1. The head of the civil official from the Yongchang Mausoleum measures 70 centimeters in height with a weight of 223 kilograms 1. The National Cultural Heritage Administration of China described the return as a just action aimed at safeguarding cultural relics globally and respecting cultural rights 1. This event marks the second instance of Australia returning looted Chinese antiquities, following a similar gesture in 2023 during a period of warming relations between the two countries 1.