2023年英国政府就禁止一次性电子烟展开的公众咨询中，约76%的反馈被证实由人工智能机器人自动生成，旨在阻挠Rishi Sunak领导的保守党政府的禁令计划1。这项针对烟草和电子烟法案的咨询共收到118,756份回应，其中90,835份确认为机器人生成，绝大多数持反对立场1。这是首次记录到大规模利用AI技术干扰英国公共卫生政策制定过程的事件1。
英国卫生和社会护理部（DHSC）运用专门的检测算法识别并排除了这些虚假回应，确保其未被纳入最终决策依据1。尽管官方采取了防御措施，但该事件引发了对民主协商机制安全的担忧，Keir Starmer领导的工党政府在2024年继承该法案并将其正式确立为法律1。相关研究由爱丁堡大学Nason Maani博士与巴斯大学Anna Gilmore教授主导，并发表于《Tobacco Control》期刊1。
行动无烟组织（ASH）副主任Caroline Cerny指出：“证据显示AI机器人被用于淹没卫生部咨询，这令人深感担忧。”1 Demos智库总监Azzurra Moores则评价此事件“相当惊人”，强调此类操纵行为严重破坏了公众对咨询过程的信任基础1。
Research published in the journal Tobacco Control reveals that approximately 76% of responses to a 2023 UK government consultation regarding a ban on disposable vapes were generated by artificial intelligence bots. 1 Out of the 118,756 total submissions received for the tobacco and vaping bill consultation, 90,835 were identified as automated false responses designed to obstruct the proposed legislation. 1 The majority of these bot-generated entries opposed the Conservative government’s plan under Prime Minister Rishi Sunak to prohibit disposable e-cigarettes. 1
The Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) employed specific detection methods to identify and exclude these illegitimate responses from the final decision-making process. 1 Led by Dr. Nason Maani from the University of Edinburgh and Professor Anna Gilmore from the University of Bath, the study marks the first recorded instance of large-scale AI interference in a UK public health policy formulation. 1 Although the ban was eventually enacted into law in 2024 by the Labour government led by Keir Starmer, experts warn that such technological manipulation poses a significant threat to democratic consultation mechanisms. 1
Caroline Cerny, Deputy Director of Action on Smoking and Health (ASH), stated that the evidence showing AI bots were used to flood the health department’s consultation is "deeply worrying." 1 Azzurra Moores, Director of the think tank Demos, described the incident as "quite shocking," noting that it undermines public trust in the integrity of consultation processes. 1
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