2026年10月27日（周二），以色列全国投票站开放，民众参与自2023年10月7日哈马斯袭击及随后持续两年的加沙战争以来的首次议会选举 123。此次选举被多家媒体视为该国历史上最具决定性的一次投票，现任总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡领导的利库德集团阵营与前军方总参谋长加迪·艾森科特创立的“Yashar”（意为正直或诚实）党展开激烈角逐 123。根据民调预测，内塔尼亚胡的执政联盟可能失去在120个席位中的多数优势，而反对派阵营预计也难以单独达到组建政府所需的61个席位门槛 1。在此背景下，阿拉伯政党预计在组阁谈判中扮演关键的“造王者”角色 2。
本次大选的核心议题涵盖对去年恐怖袭击事件的政治问责、极端正统派犹太男性的强制兵役义务以及司法体系改革争议 12。现年76岁的内塔尼亚胡正面临三起独立的腐败审判，其任期内推行的约旦河西岸定居点扩张政策也导致了国际孤立和制裁威胁 1。挑战者艾森科特主张结束极端正统派的兵役豁免，并提议由军队重新接管约旦河西岸以遏制定居者暴力，但他对“两国方案”持模糊态度，明确表示从未说过解决方案是两国两民族 1。此外，美国前总统特朗普曾致信以色列总统赫尔佐格，呼吁对内塔尼亚胡进行预防性赦免 1。
据统计，全国共有超过12,000个投票站开放，约700万犹太裔以色列人和170万巴勒斯坦裔以色列公民拥有投票资格 1。另有数据显示约730万以色列公民有资格参与投票 2。投票于当地时间周二早上7点（中欧时间6点）开始，大多数投票站将于晚上10点（中欧时间9点）关闭 2。
Israelis began voting on Tuesday, October 27, for the first parliamentary election since the October 7, 2023 Hamas attack and the subsequent two-year Gaza war 12. The polls opened at 7:00 a.m. local time (6:00 a.m. CET) and are scheduled to close at 10:00 p.m. local time (9:00 p.m. CET) 2. This contest is widely regarded as the most consequential vote in the country’s history, serving as a referendum on Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s leadership amid regional conflicts, settlement expansion, and judicial reforms 13. Approximately 7.3 million citizens are eligible to cast their ballots across more than 12,000 polling stations nationwide 12.
The central rivalry pits Netanyahu, the 76-year-old leader of the Likud party who faces three separate corruption trials, against Gadi Eisenkot, the former chief of staff heading the newly formed Yashar party 12. While "Yashar" translates to "integrity" or "honesty," Eisenkot has maintained ambiguous positions on key issues such as the two-state solution, stating he has never claimed it involves two states for two peoples 1. He supports ending military service exemptions for ultra-Orthodox Jews and advocates for the army to retake control of the West Bank to curb settler violence 1. Polls suggest that neither Netanyahu’s ruling coalition nor the opposition camp is likely to secure the 61 seats needed for an outright majority in the 120-seat Knesset, leaving Arab parties poised to play a kingmaker role in post-election negotiations 12.
Campaign debates have focused heavily on security management, the mandatory draft for ultra-Orthodox men, judicial overhaul controversies, and economic concerns 2. International pressure has also featured prominently, with former U.S. President Donald Trump having previously called for a preemptive pardon for Netanyahu via a letter to Israeli President Isaac Herzog 1. Meanwhile, the Netanyahu government’s continued push for settlement expansion in the West Bank has drawn international isolation and threats of sanctions 1.
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